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Other Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 elements are well absorbed in the duodenum?

A

Ca++, Mg++, and Fe++

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2
Q

The stomach is important in digestion for producing what?

A

Intrinsic Factor

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3
Q

What is less likely to cause maldigest ion issues when fully resected?? Ileum or jejeunum

A

jejunum

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4
Q

What nutrients are absorbed well in the ileum?

A

B12 and bile acids

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5
Q

What is less likely to cause maldigestion issues when fully resected?? Ileum or jejunum

A

jejunum

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6
Q

What are good prognostic factors for the severity of SBS?

A

<80% small bowel affected
site of resection: jejunum
No other GI involvement
time onset >1 year
colon present and nondiseased
ileocecal valve present

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7
Q

What criteria are used in the STAMP screening tool for pediatric?

A

Clinical information, nutritional intake, weight and height

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8
Q

What criteria are used in the STRONGkids screening tool for pediatrics

A

clinical information, nutritional intake, weight, height, change in weight

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9
Q

What criteria are used in the PYMS screening Tool for pediatrics?

A

Clinical information, BMI, change in weight, nutritional intake

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10
Q

Low birth weight infants weigh
a. <3000 g
b. <2500 g
c. <1500 g
d. <1000 g

A

b. <2500 g

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11
Q

Extremely low birth weight infants weigh:
a. <2500 g
b. <1500 g
c. <1000 g
d. <750 g

A

c. <1000 g

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12
Q

BMI <5th percentile in pediatrics is considered
a. normal wt
b. underweight
c. obese
d. overweight

A

b. underweight

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13
Q

What is the max dose of enzyme therapy in CF pediatric patients?

A

2500 units lipase/kg/meal or 10,000 u lipase/kg/day

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14
Q

How much salt should be supplemented in infants with CF?

A

1/8 tsp/day for 0-6 mo, 1/4 tsp/day for > 6 mo

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15
Q

How much protein g/kg/day is generally recommended for children 0-12 mo.

A

1.5 g/kg/day

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16
Q

Premature infant formulas contain how many kcal/oz generally?
a. 30 kcal/oz
b. 26 kcal/oz
c.24 kcal/oz
d. 22 kcal/oz

A

c. 24 kcal/oz

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17
Q

standard infant formulas contain how many kcal/oz?
a. 22 kcal/oz
b. 20 kcal/oz
c. 18 kcal/oz
d. 24 kcal/oz

A

b. 20 kcal/oz

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18
Q

Pediatric PN <1 yr of age has increased levels of what 2 AA?

A

Tyrosine and Histadine

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19
Q

Pediatric PN <1 yr of age has decreased levles of what 3 AA?

A

phenylalanine, methionine, glycine

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20
Q

What is the average nitrogen content of protein?

A

16%.
Total grams of protein x 0.16

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21
Q

Normal PCO2

A

35-45

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22
Q

normal HCO3

A

22-26

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23
Q

anion gap calculation

A

na-(CL+HCO3). Normal 8-12

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24
Q

Normal Chloride

A

98-108 mEq/L

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25
Q

normal CO2

A

23-30 mEq/L

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26
Q

Normal Phos levels in adults

A

2.5-4.5 mg/dl

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27
Q

Normal magnesium levels in adults

A

1.7-2.4 mg/dl

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28
Q

Adult Na requirements

A

1-2 mEq/kg/day

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29
Q

adult phosphorus requirements

A

20-40 mmol/day

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30
Q

adult magnesium requirements

A

8-20 mEq/day

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31
Q

water deficit calculation

A

TBW [(serum Na-140)/140]

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32
Q

1 mmol Potassium phosphate has how much potassium?

A

1.5 mEq K

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33
Q

1 mmol Sodium phosphate has how much Na?

A

1.33 mEq Na

34
Q

phos replacement dose <1.5 mg/dl

A

0.32-0.64 mmol/kg

35
Q

Amino acids in PN osmolality

A

1 g= 10 mOsm

36
Q

Dextrose in PN osmolality

A

1 g = 5 mOsm

37
Q

IV lipids PN osmolality

A

1 g= 0.71 mOsm

38
Q

Corrected Ca equation

A

0.8 (4-measured albumin)+ Ca

39
Q

How many mEq Sodium are in 15 mmol Na Phos?

A

19.95 mEq Na 1mmol Na Phos= 1.33 mEq Na

40
Q

How many grams of nitrogen are in 80 grams of protein?

A

12.8 g nitrogen. (80x0.16)

41
Q

How many mEq K are in 10 mmol KPhos?

A

15 mEq 1 mmol KPhos=1.5 mEq K

42
Q

The right of individuals to make their own decisions

A

Autonomy

43
Q

Doing the right thing for the patient.

A

Beneficence

44
Q

Doing no harm; balancing helping the patient through care as opposed to hurting them

A

nonmaleficence

45
Q

Acting fairly; providing similar treatment to patients in similar situations

A

Justice

45
Q

Acting fairly; providing similar treatment to patients in similar situations

A

Justice

46
Q

Indirect calorimetry provides a measured of

A

Energy expenditure

47
Q

During parenteral nutrition, the infusion of large amounts of dextrose increases electrolyte
requirements for
1. sodium and potassium.
2. sodium and phosphorus.
3. potassium and chloride.
4. potassium and phosphorus

A

potassium and phosphorus

48
Q

Which of the following is a metabolic adaptation to simple starvation?
1. Decrease in urinary nitrogen losses
2. Increase in hepatic glucose production
3. Decrease in utilization of body fat stores
4. Increase in cerebral glucose utilization

A

Decrease in urinary nitrogen losses

49
Q

The small bowel usually has an absorption capacity of approximately
1. 400 mL/day.
2. 1 L/day.
3. 2 L/day.
4. 9 12 L/day

A
  1. 9 12 L per day
50
Q

Increased acetate supplementation in parenteral nutrition is most likely to be required in
1. respiratory failure.
2. intractable diarrhea.
3. prolonged vomiting.
4. furosemide treatment.

A
  1. intractable diarrhea
51
Q

Saline responsive metabolic alkalosis

A

uCl <10 mEq/L, DAMPEN

52
Q

Saline resistant metabolic alkalosis

A

uCl >10 mEq/L, ABELCH

53
Q

How can PN be adjusted to treat metabolic alkalosis?

A

increase chloride to acetate salt ratio

54
Q

Acetate is converted to what in the liver?

A

HCO3

55
Q

Purple hue within 2 cm of PN catheter site would indicate?

A

Exit site infection

56
Q

Erythema, tenderness, purulence > 2 cm of site would indicate what type of catheter related infection?

A

Tunnel infection

57
Q

Erythema over site of port, purulent drainage, cellulitis, necrosis would indicate what type of catheter related infection?

A

Pocket infection

58
Q

Do not allow alcohol to dwell in what catheter material?

A

Polyurethane

59
Q

ETOH would be effective for what type of catheter precipitate?

A

Lipid precipitate

60
Q

Why should a dietitian be cautious with using elemental formulas in patients with post pyloric tubes?

A

Very high osmolality

61
Q

Error caused by rejecting a null hypothesis when it is true.

A

Type 1 error

62
Q

Error that occurs when the null hypothesis is accepted when it is not true (false negative)

A

Type II error

63
Q

Infuse what agent for calcium phosphate precipitate in PN catheter?

A

0.1 N HCl

64
Q

Mag dosage for serum Mg 1-1.5 mg/dL

A

8-32 mEq up to 1 mEq/kg

65
Q

Mg dosage for serum Mg <1 mg/dL

A

32-64 mEq up to 1.5 mEq/kg

66
Q

Infusion rate for Mg

A

<= 8 mEq per hour

67
Q

Phos replacement for serum P 2.3-2.7 mg/dL

A

0.08-0.16 mmol/kg

68
Q

Phosphorus infusion rate

A

<= 7 mmol phos per hour

69
Q

Mild malnutrition in pediatrics

A

Z score -1 to -1.99

70
Q

Severe malnutrition in pediatrics

A

Z score -3 or more

71
Q

Moderate malnutrition in pediatrics

A

Z score -2 to -2.99

72
Q

Neonate MVI dose for <1 kg

A

1.5 ml/day

73
Q

Neonate MV dose for 1-3 kg

A

3.25 ml/day pediatric

74
Q

MVI dosage for 3 kg to 11 years

A

5 ml/day

75
Q

MV dose for >11 years old

A

10 ml/day adult MV

76
Q

Preterm infant protein goal

A

3-4 g/kg/day

77
Q

Kcal goal for preterm infant on PN

A

85-111 kcal/kg

78
Q

Fluid re absorbed in the colon

A

About 1.4 L Max of 5 L

79
Q

Salivary juice production

A

About 1.5 L

80
Q

Ideal EN osmolality

A

300 mOsm

cnsc (2 decks)

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