OTH 504 Exam 1

Question 1

patella is cartilaginous at birth and ossifies between what ages?

Answer 1

3-6 years

Question 2

what kind of joint is the knee?

Answer 2

synovial joint

Question 3

articulations of the knee?

Answer 3

lateral, medial, patellofemoral

Question 4

knee stability depends on

Answer 4

strength and action of surrounding muscles

Question 5

knee flexion depends on?

Answer 5

hamstrings

Question 6

knee extension depends on?

Answer 6

quadriceps

Question 7

knee flexion is limited by

Answer 7

calf and thigh

Question 8

knee extension is limited by

Answer 8

cruciate and lateral ligaments

Question 9

medial rotation of knee

Answer 9

popliteus, semitendinosus

Question 10

medial rotation of the knee

Answer 10

cruciate ligaments

Question 11

lateral rotation of the knee

Answer 11

biceps femoris

Question 12

lateral rotation of knee is limited by

Answer 12

collateral ligaments

Question 13

menisci of the knee joint:

Answer 13

shock absorbers

Question 14

transverse ligament of the knee connect

Answer 14

anterior edges of the menisci

Question 15

what connect the menisci to the tibial condyles?

Answer 15

coronary ligament

Question 16

weaker cruciate ligament

Answer 16

ACL

Question 17

ACL runs from

Answer 17

the anterior tibia to the posterior-medial/lateral condyle of the femur

Question 18

ACL prevents:

Answer 18

posterior displacement of the femur on the tibia and hyperextension

Question 19

PCL runs from:

Answer 19

posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the anterior part of the lateral medial condyle of the femur

Question 20

PCL prevents:

Answer 20

anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia OR posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hyperflexion of the knee

Question 21

PCL stabilizes:

Answer 21

the flexed knee

Question 22

patellar reflex/knee jerk reflex is tested by:

Answer 22

the patellar tendon

Question 23

patellar reflex tests what nerves

Answer 23

L2-L4

Question 24

popliteal fossa

Answer 24

back of the knee

Question 25

within the popliteal fossa:

Answer 25

AVN structure (artery, vein, nerve)

Question 26

sciatic nerve divides into

Answer 26

tibial and common peroneal nerve

Question 27

common peroneal nerve divides into

Answer 27

deep peroneal and superficial peroneal nerve

Question 28

genu valgum

Answer 28

knock-kneed
- unequal distribution of weight onto the lateral knee
- frequently occurs in children 2-4

Question 29

genu varum

Answer 29

bowlegged
- unequal distribution of weight onto the medial knee
- knee cap is pulled laterally
- frequently occurs in children until 2 years

Question 30

arthrosis

Answer 30

destruction of the knee cartilage
- irregular angles lead to wear and tear of articular surfaces

Question 31

total knee replacement

Answer 31

replaces the femoral, tibial, and fibular articular surfaces