OTEN Flashcards
It is water soluble; present as albumen; in egg white; in blood circulation, it performs various functions [e.g., as a carrier of lipids])
Albumin
it is insoluble in water and are resistant to digestive enzymes
Fibrous Protein
proteins with sugar
Glycoproteins
Are organic compounds made up of different building blocks (basic units) called amino
acids joined together by peptide bonds
Protein
Is high in protein (keratin) but very low in digestibility and is of limited use in animal
nutrition as a feed ingredient
Feather Meal
Are the building blocks of protein
amino acid
Amino acids that contain an asymmetric α carbon (with four different chemical groups attached to it)
Glycine
Contain more carboxyl groups, and basic amino acids contain more amino group
Acidic amino acid
Contain an equal number of carboxyl and amino groups
Neutral amino acid
Are those that cannot be synthesized by the animal body. There are 10 essential
amino acids; cats need taurine, and chickens need glycine.
Essential amino acids
Is the process by which ingested feed is broken down physically and chemically to simple products for absorption from the
digestive tract
Digestion
Soluble in dilute neutral solutions; functions as part of the immune system in body defense [e.g., immunoglobulins]
Globulin
Proteins with heme units
Hemoprotein
Proteins bound to nucleic acid
Nucleoprotein
Remove an amino acid from the end with a free carboxyl group, and aminopeptidase act
on the terminal amino acid with a free amino group
Carboxypeptidases
Break peptide bonds within
the primary structure into smaller fragments
Endopeptidases
Is activated to form pepsin (active form) through HCl produced by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa
Pepsinogen
Insoluble in water and are resistant to digestive enzymes
Fibrous proteins
How many amino acids are known to exist in nature
300
Is commonly used as an amino
acid supplement in animal feeds
DL methionine
It can be found in structural components of the body and are needed for many metabolic functions
Protein
A long chain of amino acid formed by the peptide bonds
Polypeptide
Cleave amino acids off the terminal end of the protein molecule
Exopeptidases
The pressure of food in the stomach leads to the secretion of this substance by the chief cells of gastric mucosa
Pepsinogen
Also secreted at the duodenum, converts trypsinogen into trypsin, which then converts chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase to their active forms—chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase
Enterokinase
Proteins that are not degraded by rumen microbes
Rumen undegradable proteins
Is the major site of amino acid metabolism
Liver
Is the removal of amino groups from amino acids to form ammonia.
Deamination
Contains the genetic code of the animal and is the blueprint of protein synthesis
DNA
Are synthesized through the process of transamination
Nonessential amino acids
