OTC Treatable Conditions Flashcards
Nausea and vomiting
first recommend eating smaller meals and avoid spicy and odorous meals Recommend pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
GERD and Gas
First recommend eating smaller meals and avoid spicy
Calcium antacids are first line (calcium carb eg Tums)
Use caution in with antacids containing Mg or Al if renal diz is present. Simethicone is considered safe for tx of gas. H2 antagonists (Pepcid Zantac) are category B
Constipation
First recommend fiber and fluid intake
Fiber is first line! and psyllium is category B (metamucil)
Cough Cold and Allergies
First gen antihistamines are first line chlorpheniramine (this is DOC) and benadryl are category B
Second gen can be used in second and third trimester
Best nasal steroids are budesonide and beclomethasone
Decongestants, dextromethorphan, and guaifenesin are category C (pseudophed should be avoided in first try)
Antibiotic use in pregnancy
Penicillins are generally safe (category B) as are cephalosporins, and macrocodes (category B as well, except for clarith which is C)
Do NOT use - quinolone and tetracyclines
Vaginal Fungal Infections
Bacterial vaginosis
Fungal infection - use topical AF (cream, sup) for 7 days
BV - clinda or metronidazole PO (topical therapy not recommended for BV treatment)
UTI
beta lactase can be used
nitrofurantoin is safe (but avoid in last several weeks of pregnancy)
Avoid FQs, tetracyclines, bacterium (causes hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus in third trimester)
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Clap - zpak (azithromycin 1 g) or amoxicillin for 7 d
gonorrhea - cephalosporin (rocephin) or if CI can use azithromycin 2 g x 1 dose
Asthma
ICS are first line controller (budesonide is preferred)
Albuterol is preferred rescue inhaler
VTE and Mechanical valves
heparin (UFH) or LMWH preferred
convert to UFH (shorter half life) during last month of pregnancy or if delivery appears imminent
Warfarin category X
NOACs are category B or C and aren’t in current recommendations
thyroidism
Hypo - treat with levothyroxine (category A)
hyper - PTU and methimazole are both cat D and can cause liver damage. PTU preferred. Mild cases may not require treatment, try to normalize thyroid fxn prior to pregnancy
Anemia
Fe supplements plus prenatal vitamins (which also contain some iron)