OTC Exam 1 Flashcards
Exclusions for cold
Chest pain
Shortness of Breath
Worsening during self-treatment
Underlying cardiopulmonary diseases
AIDS or immunosuppression
Frail patients
Infants <3 months
Hypersensitivity
Special populations for cold
Pregnancy: avoid high-dose products and systemic decongestants
Under 2 years: pharmacologic products not recommended (under 4 years per manufacturer)
Exclusions for cough
Difficulty breathing
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Hemoptysis
Weight loss
Night sweats
Worsens after 3-5 days
Doesn’t improve 2-3 weeks
Children < 4 (Can’t give meds)
Croup/whooping cough
Aspiration cough (sudden)
Immunocompromised
TB exposure
HIV risk factors
Chronic illness
Special populations for cough
Nonprescription cough and cold
medicines should not be used in infants and children younger than 2 years
Caution with codeine in pregnancy and older adults
FG Antihistamines in children and older adults
Exclusions for allergic rhinitis
Children <12
Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Nonallergic rhinitis
Symptoms of infection
Symptoms of respiratory disorder
Severe side effects
Special populations for allergic rhinitis
Pregnancy: refer. If OTC, diphenhydramine safe, all SG except fexofenadine, INCS safe
Breastfeeding: INCS maybe not safe, cromolyn safe, antihistamines cautious
Children and older patients: loratidine preferred
Exclusions for headache
Severe pain
10+ days
Last trimester of pregnancy
<8 years old
High fever/signs of infection
Liver, alcoholism
Secondary headache
Migraine (not diagnosed)
Special populations for headache
Pregnancy: acetaminophen safest
Breastfeeding: ibuprofen safest
Exclusions for fever
> 3 months: 104+ (103 oral)
<3 months: 100.4+ (100.1 oral)
Severe symptoms
Risk of hyperthermia
Impaired oxygen (disease)
Immunocompromised
CNS damage
History of febrile seizures
2 persist >3 days
<2 persist >1 day
Child with spots/rash, refusing fluids, lethargicSe, repeated diarrhea/vomiting
Stiff neck
Exclusions for musculoskeletal pain
Severe pain (>6)
Pain lasts 10 days OR 7 after treatment
Change in intensity or character
Pelvic/abdominal pain
<2 years old
Fever, nausea, vomiting
Signs of structural injury
Pregnancy
Back pain WITH incontinence
Exclusions for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Pregnancy
<12 years old
Fever, pelvic/abdominal/back pain
Medications: CS, chemo
Predisposing conditions
Recurrent (>3 per year, or once in past 2 months)
First episode
Exclusions for Atrophic Vaginitis
Severe dryness, dyspareunia, or bleeding
Not localized symptoms
Not relieved by lubricants
Exclusions for Primary Dysmenorrhea
Severe
Inconsistent with primary (older age, pain other than at onset)
History of PID, infertility, irregular cycles, endometriosis, ovarian cysts
Use of IUC
NSAID intolerance
Blood thinners or lithium
Active GI disease
Bleeding disorder
Exclusions for PMS
Severe PMS or PMDD
Irregular pattern of symptoms
Caused by OCS or HT
Herbals: contraindications and DDIs
Special populations in PMS
Breastfeeding: avoid herbals and diuretics
Menthol cough drops
Halls, Vicks, Ricola, Ludens
q2h
Pseudoephedrine
Sudafed
q4-6h or q12h
Age 4+
Chlorpheniramine
Chlor-Trimeton, Chlorphen
q4-6h or q12h
Age 6+
Diphenhydramine
Benadryl
q4-6h
Age 2+
Guaifenesin
Mucinex
q4h or q12h
Dextromethorphan
Delsym, Robitussin
q4h, q6h, or q12h
Phenylephrine (PO)
Sudafed PE
q4h
Age 4+
Phenylephrine (Intranasal)
Neo-Synephrine, Little Remedies
q4h
Age 4+
Oxymetazoline
Afrin, Vicks Sinex Severe
q10-12h
Age 6+
