OTC Flashcards
Measles symptoms?
Rash which starts behind the ears, then spreads to the face, limb and trunk
Redbrown confluent blotchy rash
May also develop grey-white spots in the mouth
Red, confluent blotchy rash
Colf like symptoms with a fever
Mumps
Fever
Swelling on 1 or both sides of the face(Inflammation of the paratid gland)
Rubella
Rash starts on the face then spreads to trunk and limbs
Pink-red non confluent rash
Stay away from pregnant people
Oral thrush
Symptoms-
White patches on the tongue- when scrapped can bleed
Treatment: Miconazole gel (4 months +)
or Nystatin(POM)
Scarlet fever
- Fever + flu like symptoms
- Pink sand-paper rash (first on the chest and stomach before spreading)
- Rash turns white when you press a glass on it
- Red-swollen strawberry tounge
Refer !!!Abx
- Phenoxy
- Amox
- Azithro
*
Slapped cheek
Initially cold-flu like symptoms
Bright red rash on the cheek
Para/ibuprofen
Whooping cough/peritusis
Runny nose, watery eyes, soar throat fever
Intense coughing bouts (Thick mucus + vomiting)
between coughing bouts “whoop” when gasping for air.
Para/ibu
If coughing is within the previous 21 days
- Clarithromycin if infant is less than 1month of age
- Azithromycin if child >1month and non-pregnant adults
- Erythromycin for preg
- Stay away from school/work 48 hours after finishing abx
Warts
When to refer?
Salicylic Acid(15-50%)(Bazuka)
Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen
Refer:
Facial warts
Immunocompromised
Acne
Benzyl peroxide (12+)
Start at low strength 2.5% or 5% then increase gradually from OD to BD
Isotretanoin
MHRA:
Blood donations?
When to discontinue?
Contraception?
PPP Conditions?
Teratogenic
MHRA: Repots of ED and decreased Libido, Neuropsychiatric reactions
Blood Donations
-Avoid for atleast 1 month after treatment
Other s/e:
Risk of pancreatitis if TGL>9mmol/L. Discountinue if uncontrolled hypertriglyceridaemia or pancreatitis
Discontinue if skin peeling
Avoid UV light(Photosensitivity)
Visual disturbance-withdraw and refer
Contraception
- Teratogenic
- PPP
- Exclude pregnancy , every month during treatment, 4 weeks after stopping
- Progestogen OC not effective
- Use 2 forms of contraceptive 1 month before, throughout and 1 month after
Under the PPP
- Prescription is only valid for 7 days and should be dispensed on the date the Rx Is written
- Quantity - max 30 days supply
- More than 30 days can be supplied if prescriber confirms pt is not under PPP
- No repeats
- Emergency supply only at the request of a specialist prescriber with a confirmed negative test result
Monitoring
Monitor hepatic function, and serum lipids before treatment and then every 3 months. Discontinue/reduce dose if lipids or transaminase persistently raised
Cold sore
Symptoms ?
Treatment
Tingling (6-24 hours before)
Blister on top of mouth
Highly contagious(until crusts form)
Treatment: Aciclovir (Zovirax cold sore cream) ay 5x a day for 5 days 4 hourly interval . Not recommended for immunocompromised
Refer if longer than 2 weeks from prodromal symptoms and inside mouth, and painless
Atopic dermatitis(Eczema)
Treatment ?
Steroid
itchy, dry , cracked and sore
commonly affects the flextures
Tretment:
Emollients eg dermol 500 - apply before steroid and wait 30 mins
Steroids:
If inflamed
HCN 1%(10+)
Clobetasone 0.05% (12+)(Eumovate
Max:15g
Max 7 days
not for broken skin /or the face
and not for pregnancy
Steroid potency
Very potent
potent
Moderate
Mild
Very Potent-
Clobetasol (Dermovate)
Potent
Bethamethasone 0.1% (Betnovate)
Hydrocortisone Butyrate
Mometasone
Moderate
Clobetasone(Eumovate)
Betamethasone 0.025%(Betnovate R-D)
Mild
Hydrocortisone <2.5%
Psoriasis
Red plaques
Silvery scales
Well-defined edges
usually on elbows knees and scalp
Use emollients
Coal tar solution (12+)(Exorex)(T/gel shampoo)
Calcipot
Fungal Nail infection
Age limit?
Amorlifine (Curanail 5% nail lacquer)
18+
No more than 2 nails affected
Only beneath the tips or side of the nails affected
CI in preg/bf
Athletes foot, (Tinea pedis) Symptoms?
Body ring worm (Tinea corporis) Symptoms?
Scalp Ring worm(Tinea Captis ) Symptoms?
Jock itch (Tinea Cruris) Symptoms?
AF:White, itchy, flaky skin inbetween toes
BRW: Flat , slightly raised circular rings, red scaly border with central clearing
Scalp ring worm: Distinct ring shape w/hair loss. REFER!
Jock itch:Red-brown rash with well defined edges on inner thigh and buttocks
Treatment:
- Canesten 1%(all ages)
- Daktacort HCN/Miconazole cream( 10 and over) max 7 day
- Terbinafine (Lamisil AT 1% 16+) Lamisil once(18+)
Continue for 7 days after symptoms dissapear
Pregnancy (Constipation)
Bulk-forming or Lactulose
Opiod induced
Stimulant + Lactulose
Haemorrhoids
Swollen veins inside or outside anal canal
1) Bulk forming laxative
2) Analgesics
3) Local anaesthetic (lidocaine) Germaloids 12+
4) Products with HCN (Anusol plus HCN) 18+
Children constipation
1) Macrogol 12+
2) Stimulant e.g.Senna otc 12+, Bisocodyl 10+
Diarrhoea
1) ORT- DISSOLVE IN 200ml water . Must use boiled/cooled waterif baby <1
2) Loperamide(QT Prolongation) 12+/ Initially 4mg (2 caps), followed by 2mg after each loose stool for up to 5 days max 16mg/day. Not in Preg/BF
IBS
Constipation?
Diarrhoea?
1) Antispasmodics
- Mebeverine (18+)
- Alverine 12+
2) Antimuscarinics
- Hyoscine 12+
Constipation
- Bulk Forming laxative
Diarrhoea
- Loperamide (Imodium IBS Relief) 18+! Can use for up to 2 weeks for repeated attacks If 1 attack lasts longer than 48 hours spk to Dr
Orlistat Licensing
how to take?
- BMI 28> in the presence of other RF such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia
- or BMI>30
- for 6 months In conjunction with a mildly hypocalorific diet
Take one capsule TDS with 3 Main Meals
Can continue for more than 3 months if loose 5% of body weight
Not for use in preg/BF
Orlistat interactions
Ciclosporin
Vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants
Hormonal contraceptives
Levothyroxine
Antiepileptic drugs
Fat soluble vitamins
Amiodarone
Tacrolimus
Acarbose
Limits for psuedoephedrine and ephedrine
Do not give psuedoephedrine to who?
720mg psuedoephedrine(60mg x12)
180mg ephedrine
MAOIs in last 2 weeks
High BP, Diabetes,
Measles symptoms
Rash starts behind the ears, then spreads to the face trunk and the limb.
Can also have spots in the mouth
Cold-like symptoms
Fever
