OTA final Flashcards
1
Q
Idiopathic
A
relating to or denoting any disease or condition which arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown
2
Q
Dyspnea
A
difficult or labored breathing.
3
Q
Arteriosclerosis
A
the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring typically in old age.
4
Q
Embolus
A
a blood clot, air bubble, which has been carried in the bloodstream to lodge in a vessel and cause an embolism.
5
Q
Thrombus
A
a blood clot formed in situ within the vascular system of the body and impeding blood flow.
6
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
a disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls…… ( hardness arteries)
7
Q
Diaphoresis
A
sweating, especially to an unusual degree as a symptom of disease or a side effect of a drug.
8
Q
Cerebral signs
A
9
Q
Orthopnea
A
the sensation of breathlessness in the recumbent position, relieved by sitting or standing.
10
Q
Orthostatic hypotension
A
A form of low blood pressure that happens when standing up from sitting or lying down.
11
Q
Pericarditis
A
inflammation of the pericardium.
12
Q
Myocarditis
A
inflammation of the heart muscle.
13
Q
Endocarditis
A
Inflammation of the membrane
14
Q
Angina
A
A type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.
15
Q
Atrial fibrillation
A
An irregular, often rapid heart rate that commonly causes poor blood flow.
16
Q
MI
A
A blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle.
17
Q
CHF
A
A chronic condition in which the heart doesn’t pump blood as well as it should.
18
Q
COPD
A
a condition involving constriction of the airways and difficulty or discomfort in breathing.
19
Q
MET
A
One metabolic equivalent (MET) is defined as the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest and is equal to 3.5 ml O2 per kg body weight x min.
20
Q
Social determinants of health
A
the economic and social conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status.
21
Q
Occupational imbalance
A
a loss of balance in engaging in daily activities
22
Q
Occupational deprivation
A
23
Q
Occupational alienation
A
the absence of meaning or purpose in the occupations of daily life
24
Q
Paraplegic
A
an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities.
25
Quadraplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
26
Ipsilateral
belonging to or occurring on the same side of the body.
27
Contralateral
relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs.
28
Vital capacity
Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation.
29
Autonomic dysreflexia
Injury above T6
| a syndrome in which there is a sudden onset of excessively high blood pressure.
30
Spasticity
abnormal muscle tightness due to prolonged muscle contraction.
31
Flaccid
soft and hanging loosely or limply, especially so as to look or feel unpleasant.
32
Decerebrate posturing
abnormal body posture that involves the arms and legs being held straight out, the toes being pointed downward, and the head and neck being arched backward.
33
Decorticate posturing
abnormal posturing in which a person is stiff with bent arms, clenched fists, and legs held out straight.
34
Coup
a type of head injury (traumatic brain injury) and reference where the injury occurred relative to the point of impact
35
Contrecoup
when a force or blow causes the brain to strike the side of the skull opposite from the point of impact
36
Retrograde amnesia
memories that were formed before the onset of amnesia.
37
Anterograde amnesia
a decreased ability to retain new information.
38
primary brain injury
the sudden and profound injury to the brain that is considered to be more or less complete at the time of impact.
39
Secondary brain injury
the changes that evolve over a period of time (from hours to days) after the primary brain injury.
40
praxis
the ability to carry out sequential movements, with correct timing and transitions between one movement and another
41
cognitive flexibility
changing strategies in confronting a problem or changing a set of thought.
42
divided attention
a person must focus on two or more stimuli at one time
43
shifting attention
engages in multiple task at one time
44
form discrimation
unable to percieve or understand what he or she sees
45
affect
physical display of emotions, usually portrayed in facial expression
46
visual acuity
allows us to detect form and contour-to-see things clearly near and far
47
saccades
eyes are moving rapidly, allowing us to scan an environment or object
48
spastic
state of resistance to passive range of motion
49
flaccid
they cannot initiate any voluntary movement on their affected side
50
hypertonicity
muscle tightness which makes moving body parts more difficult
51
hypotonicity
a condition characterized by the presence of a lesser degree of tone or tension
52
bilateral integration
occurs when both side of the body, arms or legs are used collaboratively to complete task.
53
crossing mid-line
occurs when both the right side of the body crosses over into the left side....... or vice versa
54
pursuits
this is a type of oculomotor control where the eyes follow a moving object and keep it in focus.
55
visual accommodation
occurs when the muscle coordinate to allow for looking at objects near far or when an object is changing distance from near to far.
56
diplopia
the perception of two images of a single object also known as double vision
57
orthostatic hypotension
when you stand suddenly , your body must work hard to maintain proper blood pressure or you might feel dizzy
58
peristalsis
when food is swallowed, it moves through the gastrointestinal system, moving the food from the stomach and into the intestines.
59
continence
controlling the release of the urine
60
skin integrity
good condition of the skin
61
self concept
being aware of your roles and identity in the world
62
attends
to pay direct attention to what he or she is doing with looking away or interrupting continuous engagement
63
Gout
a disease in which defective metabolism of uric acid causes arthritis, especially in the smaller bones of the feet
64
myasthenia gravis
a chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle ( dropping of eyelid) -ptosis
65
ankylosing spondylitis
a form of spinal arthritis, chiefly affecting young males, that eventually causes ankylosis of vertebral and sacro-iliac joints.
66
CENTRAL CORD
PARALYSIS AND SENSORY LOSS GREATER IN THE UE. EXAMPLE IS
| ARTHRITIC CHANGES THAT CAUSE A NARROWING OF THE SPINAL CANEL.
67
BROWN-SEQUARD
ONLY 1 SIDE OF THE CORD IS DAMAGED. EX. STABBING. MOTOR PARALYSIS AND LOSS OF PROPRIOCEPTION BELOW LEVEL OF INJURY ON IPSILATERAL SIDE. LOSS OF PAIN, TEMPERATURE, AND TOUCH SENSATION OCCURS ON THE CONTRALATERAL
SIDE.
68
ANTERIOR SYNDROME
PARALYSIS AND LOSS OF PAIN, TEMP, TOUCH. PROPRIOCEPTION IS PRESERVED.
69
CAUDA EQUINA
PERIPHERAL NERVE DAMAGE. FRACTURE BELOW L1. RESULTS IN FLACCID
PARALYSIS. PERIPHERAL NERVES CAN REGENERATE SO PROGNOSIS IS GOOD FOR RECOVERY.
70
AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA
INJURY ABOVE T6. REFLEX ACTION OF THE ANS IN RESPONSE
| TO STIMULUS SUCH AS DISTENDED BLADDER
71
HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION
BONE THAT DEVELOPS IN ABNORMAL ANATOMIC LOCATIONS.
72
VITAL CAPACITY
THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF AIR A PERSON CAN EXPEL FROM THE LUNGS
| AFTER INHALATION.
73
Level 1: No Response: Total
| Assistance
■Appears in deep sleep
| ■ Unresponsive to any stimuli
74
Level II: Generalized Response;
| Total Assist
■ Reacts inconsistently to stimuli
■ Gross body movements or vocalization
■ Responses are delayed
75
Level III: Localized Response: Total
| Assistance
■ Responses are related to type of stimulus presented
■ Withdrawal with painful stimulus
■ May follow simple commands in delayed and inconsistent manner
■ Responds to visual stimuli
■ May pull tubes in body
76
Level IV: Confused-Agitated: Max
| Assistance
■ May cry out or scream
■ Lack of discrimination between persons or objects
■ Unable to cooperate with treatment at times
■ Attention is very short
■ Lack of awareness of present events
■ Lack of short term recall bu react to past events
■ Max assist to feed and dress
■ Mood shifts
77
Level V: confused – Inappropriate,
| Non-agitated: Max Assistance
```
Appears alert
■ Responds to simple commands fairly consistently
■ Highly distractible
■ Verbalization is often inappropriate
■ Confabulation
■ Memory is impaired
■ Confusion of past and present
■ Lacks initiation
■ Inappropriate use of objects
■ Responds best to self, body, comfort and family members
■ Self care with assistance
■ May wander
```
78
Level VI: Confused-Appropriate:
| Moderate Assistance
■ Goal directed behavior
■ Follows simple directions
■ Carryover for relearned tasks
■ Less supervision with familiar tasks old learning
■ Shows little or no carryover for new learning
■ No wandering
■ Inconsistent orientation
79
Level VII: Automatic-Appropriate:
Minimal Assistance for daily living
skills
■ Demonstrates decreased judgment and problem solving
■ Lacks realistic planning for future
■ Shows carryover for new learning
■ Unaware of needs and feelings of others
■ Oppositional/uncooperative
■ Judgment remains impaired
■ Unable to recognize inappropriate behavior in social interactions
80
Level VIII: Purposeful and
| Appropriate: Standby Assistance
■ Alert and oriented
■ Recalls and integrates past and recent events
■ Irritable, argumentative, self-centered, depressed at times
■ Recognizes and corrects inappropriate behavior in social interactions
■ Can drive
■ Vocational rehabilitation
■ Low tolerance for stress
81
Level IX: Purposeful and
Appropriate: Standby Assistance on
Request
■ Uses assistive memory devices
■ Can shift back and forth between tasks
■ Thinks of consequence of actions with standby assist
■ Aware of problems
■ May be easily irritated and have low frustration tolerance
■ Depression may continue
■ Monitors self for social interactions
82
Level X: Purposeful and Appropriate:
| Modified Independence
■ Initiates use of assistive memory devices independently
■ Anticipates problems but may need more time for strategies usage
■ Recognizes needs of others and socially interacts appropriately
■ Periodic episodes of depression
■ Irritability and lowered frustration tolerance when stressed, fatigued, or ill only. ‘
