OT falls - lecture 7

Question 1

Role of OT

Answer 1

promoting health and well being through occupation (everything that people during the course of everyday)

Question 2

OTs proffessional in 3 categories

Answer 2

self care, productivity, leisure

Question 3

examples of ADL levels in LTC

Answer 3

eats without assistance (may use special devices), needs assistance opening cartons, need intermittent encouragement with or without physical assistance, constant encouragement, complete feeding, tube fed

Question 4

Most common cause of injury for older adults?

Answer 4

falls

Question 5

Number of nursing home admissions because of a fall?

Answer 5

40%

Question 6

6th leading cause of death in older adults?

Answer 6

falls

Question 7

Direct and indirect risk factors for falls?

Answer 7

biological, behavioural, environmental, social/economic

Question 8

Gait

Answer 8

deviation from normal walking

Question 9

Gait disturbances

Answer 9

parkinsons, alzheimers, hemiparesis, hemiparesis with neglect, peripheral neuropathy, cerbellar degeneration, degenerative arthritis

Question 10

Vision problems

Answer 10

-many unaware of decreased visual, 25% have wrong corrective lens prescription, few self report having difficult taking meds

Question 11

visual acuity

Answer 11

ability to see fine detail/ cairtiy of ones vision

Question 12

contrast sensitivty

Answer 12

ability to discern shades of grey

Question 13

stereopsis

Answer 13

ability to perceive depth

Question 14

Signs and symptoms of vision problems

Answer 14

sitting close to TV, eyes not looking directly at you when talking, bad head posture whil reading, missing glass when pouring, searching for food on plate, not seeing food in the appropriate place on plate, closing an eye, constantly rubbing eyes, red eyes or eyelids

Question 15

Age related macular degeneration (AMD)

Answer 15

Affects the macula (central area of retina), lose ability to see fine details

Question 16

what increases AMD

Answer 16

age, UV light exposure, smoking, hereditary component as well

Question 17

What slows progression of dry AMD?

Answer 17

vitamins and antioxidants

Question 18

Dry AMD

Answer 18

most common form, small deposits beneath retina (blind spots), progresses slowly, irreversible

Question 19

Wet AMD

Answer 19

rapid and severe vision loss, abnormal blood vessels under macula leak fluid and blood, causing blurred central vision, treatments available

Question 20

Cataracts

Answer 20

opacity (cloudiness) of the lens of the eye, leading cause of reversible blindness

Question 21

causes of cataracts?

Answer 21

age, trauma, sun exposure, DM, steroids, hypothyroidism, smoking

Question 22

Glaucoma

Answer 22

group of diseases- intracular pressure, more fluid formed than leaves the eye, increased pressure damages retina, pressure damages optic nerve (blindness), various treatments depending on type

Question 23

Non proliferative retinopathy

Answer 23

related with diabetes, symtoms: blurred vision, distortion or waviness

Question 24

Proliferative retinopathy

Answer 24

abnormal growth of blood vessels in retina may rupture or cause retina to detach

Symptoms: floaters, shadows or curtains across your vision

Question 25

Preventing eye disease- diabetes

Answer 25

control BG levels,regular eye exams

Question 26

Preventing eye disease- diabetes

Answer 26

control BG levels,regular eye exams, monitor blood pressure, maintain a healthy diet

Question 27

causing disease

Answer 27

oxidative stress and inflammation

Question 28

prevention and treatment

Answer 28

phytochemicals, antioxidants, anti inflammatory properties

Question 29

Mechanism of phytochemicals

Answer 29

phytochemicals can scavenge free radicals and upregulate expression of gluthione

Question 30

Prevention of eye disease: F and V recommendations

Answer 30

2-3 daily servings of green leafy veg in addition to green tea, grapes and berries may be healthy choices for eye health

Question 31

Restorative Dining objective

Answer 31

autonomy, self worth through independent, safe feeding,

Question 32

results of restorative dining

Answer 32

greater sense of independence, better nutrition status, safer feeding, less demand on nursing a dietary staff during meals

Question 33

dining issues caused by co morbidities

Answer 33

food textures/combos, dietary restrictions, appetite, co ordination, tremors/shaking, socializing, cognition, becoming fatigued

Question 34

common denominator of feeding issues?

Answer 34

weight loss and/or malnutrition

Question 35

2 approaches to restorative dining

Answer 35

adjusting the environment, restraining the client to either be independent or to maintain developed feeding skills

Question 36

Restraining the client

Answer 36

positioning, simplify the task

Question 37

Retraining the client

Answer 37

positioning, simplify the task

Question 38

Multi-sensory cueing

Answer 38

combine verbal with gestures, demonstrations or physical prompts, repetition, practice, perseverance, be patient, address client by name,

Question 39

Retraining the clinet

Answer 39

modeling or showing, guiding, steps for hand over hand assistance, modifying textures and consistencies

Question 40

Assistive Feeding

Answer 40

seating position, proper cutlery, tell them what is on plate, tell them what you are giving them, only put a small amount on spoon -DO NOT WIPE THEIR LIPS WITH SPOON