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OT DEFINITIONS > OT DEFINITIONS > Flashcards

OT DEFINITIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Flexion

A

Bending movement which decreases angle of joint and brings two surfaces closer together

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2
Q

Extension

A

Increase in joint angle or straightening action

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3
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body

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4
Q

Adduction

A

Movement towards the midline of the body

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5
Q

Circumduction

A

Movement in a cone shape e..g shoulder, head

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6
Q

Rotation (Internal and External)

A

Internal - movement towards the midline of the body. External - movement is lateral or away from the midline of the body

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7
Q

Pronation

A

Movement in forearm, palm facing down

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8
Q

Supination

A

Movement in forearm, palm facing up (holding soup)

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9
Q

Radial deviation

A

Sideways movement at wrist, towards the thumb

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10
Q

Ulnar deviation

A

Sideways movement at the wrist, towards the little finger

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11
Q

Plantar and Dorsi flexion

A

Movements at the ankle. Plantar - pointing toes to the floor. Dorsi - pulling foot and toes up towards the lower leg

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12
Q

Inversion and Eversion of foot

A

Inversion - sole of foot turning medially (in). Eversion - sole of foot turning laterally (out)

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13
Q

Semantic memory

A

Long-term memory. Processes ideas and concepts that are not drawn from personal experience e.g. common knowledge

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14
Q

Agnosia

A

Loss of ability to recognise objects, faces, voices

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15
Q

Form constancy

A

Identify an object, shape, letter, number etc. when it is presented in a different way

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16
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

Ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganisation

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17
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness of one side of the body

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18
Q

Ataxia

A

Group of disorders that affect co-ordination, balance and speech

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19
Q

Vestibular system

A

Parts of inner ear and brain that process sensory information involved with controlling balance and eye movements

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20
Q

Synovial joint

A

Joint found between bones that move against each other

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21
Q

Athetoid movement

A

Sluggish, writhing movement mainly in the fingers or face

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22
Q

Hypotonia

A

Decreased muscle tone

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23
Q

Hypertonia

A

Too much muscle tone so arms and legs are stuff and difficult to move

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24
Q

Grading

A

Used in activity analysis. Altering or amending a given method or sequence to complete a task

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25
Q

Stereognosis

A

Know what things/ objects feel like

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26
Q

Proprioception

A

Recognises positions of the body

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27
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Primary motor area which controls the muscles which will control the upper limb

28
Q

Cerebellum

A

Supervises plans, controls balance and co-ordination

29
Q

Paresis

A

Partial loss of movement or impaired movement, due to motor cortex damage

30
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing as a result of damage to CNS or muscles to the head and neck

31
Q

Community care act

A

People with learning difficulties and mental health conditions to live in sheltered accommodation - assistance in their own homes

32
Q

Habituation

A

Influence and importance of habits and routines contribute to our sense of well-being

33
Q

Marmot report

A

Inequalities in health arise from inequalities in society in conditions in which people are born, live and work

34
Q

Object permanence

A

Know that something is there without seeing it

35
Q

Anatomical position

A

Stood up, head up, hands at side with palms facing down

36
Q

Hinge joint

A

Move in flexion and extension only

37
Q

Pivot joint

A

Rotational movement - radius pivots around the ulna bone for palm up

38
Q

Reciprocal innervation

A

Ability to switch muscles on and off

39
Q

Selective attention

A

Maintenance of response to an attentional set, choose what to focus on

40
Q

Sustained attention

A

Maintenance of a specific response during a continuous/ repetitive activity

41
Q

Divided attention

A

Dual task, equal priority is given to each task

42
Q

Capacity

A

How well a patient can hold information in mind to process it

43
Q

Metacognition

A

Knowing about what factors affect one’s ability to attend, organise, remember and problem solve

44
Q

Executive functions

A

Mental functions necessary for formulating goals, planning how to achieve them and carrying out plans

45
Q

Visual perception

A

Responsible for the reception and cognition of visual stimuli

46
Q

Figure ground

A

Ability to recognise distinct shapes from their backgroun

47
Q

Lateralisation

A

Establishing preference of one side of the brain for directing skilled motor function

48
Q

PEOP model

A

Person- Environment- Occupational- Performance. Occupational performance is key. 3 components - person, environment and occupation

49
Q

CMOP-E model

A

Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement. Promote client-centered practice and professions view that occupation is the core domain of concern

50
Q

MOHO model

A

Model of Human Occupations. How humans generate and modify occupations in interaction with environment

51
Q

SOAP notes

A

Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan. Form of documentation healthcare practitioners use - help use clinical reasoning

52
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness of one side of the body

53
Q

Contralateral movement

A

Opposing movement of the hips and shoulders on both sides of the body

54
Q

Dyspraxia

A

Development co-ordination disorder. Condition affecting physical co-ordination

55
Q

Goniometer

A

Instrument that measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated

56
Q

Glaucoma

A

Eye condition where the optic nerve which connects the eye to the brain becomes damaged

57
Q

Dysarthia

A

Speech disorder in which muscles that are used to produce speech are damaged, paralysed or weakened

58
Q

Hippocampus

A

Brain structure embedded in temporal lobe - role in learning and memory

59
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Important for voluntary movement, expressive language and for managing executive functions

60
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Primary cortical area for somatic sensation. Associated somatosensory visual and auditory activity

61
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual processing area of the brain. Associated with visuospatial processing, distance and depth perception

62
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Associated with processing auditory information and encoding of memory

63
Q

Broco’s area

A

Region of frontal love of the dominant hemisphere with functions linked to speech production

64
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

Important for language development. Located in the temporal lobe and is responsible for the comprehension of speech

65
Q

Praxis

A

Ability to conceptualise, organise and direct unfamiliar actions. Plan and execute motor skills

66
Q

Ideomotor dyspraxia

A

Inability to carry out skilled movements when given a verbal demand

67
Q

Ideational dyspraxia

A

Inability to carry out a hierarchical complex motor plan

OT DEFINITIONS (1 decks)

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