Ostomy Flashcards
what is an ostomy and what is it created out of
-an artificial opening in an organ created during an operation
-from the inside organ to the outside
why is an ostomy created
-Colon cancer
-Inflammatory Bowel Disease
-Trauma
-Short Bowel Syndrome
-Pediatric Disease Processes
-Necrotic Bowel
what are the 2 locations where bowel ostomies are created
Ilium–> ileostomy (for liquid fecal content)
Colon–> colostomy (for formed stool)
Consistency will vary based on location in bowel
describe a temporary ostomy
-Done in an emergency
-Typically done on Transverse Colon
-Supporting device placed during surgery
-Removed after 7-10 days
-the intestine has time to repair itself after inflammatory disease, surgery, or injury
what are the 2 types of openings
One for stool
One for mucus secretion
why could an ostomy be permanent
-for debilitating intestinal disease, colon cancer or rectal cancer
-has ostomy for life
what is a double barrel ostomy
Typically temporary:
Reanastomosis can be performed
Least common type of ostomy:
Proximal end–> functional bowel
Distal end–> nonfunctioning, mucus producing bowel
describe the ileoanal pouch
Pouch formed at distal end of small intestine and anastomosed to rectum
Type of internal ileostomy
describe a Kock ileostomy (pouch)
-Internal reservoir constructed from small bowel, accessible via external opening
-Opening can be catheterized to drain contents
describe MACE (Macedo-Malone Antegrade Continence Enema)
The appendix is connected to the abdominal wall for elimination
A valve is fashioned to allow for continence
how do you care for an ostomy bag
-Fills with stool and gas, same as products of GI tract
-Should be emptied frequently, typically at 1/3 full
-Appliance should be changed every 3-5 days to prevent leaking
-Or as needed for impaired integrity
-Stool is acidic, can cause skin injury if not cleaned or controlled
-If leakage is noted appliance must be changed
what will a pale stoma tell you
anemia
what will a dark purple or blue stoma tell you
the circulation has been cut off for ishemia
what do you document for the stoma
Inspect:
-Appearance of the stoma
-Appearance of peri-stoma skin
-Appearance of stool
Palpate:
-Density of tissue around stoma
-Auscultate Bowel sounds
-What you did about it
-What did you dress it with?
-How is the patient tolerating dressing?
-size of the stoma has to be 1/2 above the surface
