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Upper Limb ~ Anatomy > Osterology Of Upper Limb > Flashcards

Osterology Of Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Why Clavicle is Modified Long Bone;

A
  1. Horizontally placed
  2. No Medullary Cavity
  3. Subcutaneous
  4. Intra-membranous development
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2
Q

MC site of for Clavicle Fracture is

A

Junction of Medial 2/3rd and Lateral 1/3rd

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3
Q

2 ends of Clavicle;

A

Sternal end and Acromial end

Weight from appendicular skeleton transmitted to axial skeleton via thsese joints;
• Sternoclavicular Joint
• Acromioclavicular joint

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4
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint is which type of Synovial Joint

A

Saddle type of Synovial Joint

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5
Q

How proximal and distal fragments of clavicle displaces after fracture

A

Fracture causes

The upward displacement of the proximal fragments (scm)

And, Downward displacement of the distal fragment (deltoid)

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6
Q

Ligaments attached to Coracoid process of Scapula

A
  • Coracoacromial ligament
  • Coracoclavicular ligament
  • Coracohumeral ligament
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7
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint is ________ type of Synovial joint

A

Plane type of Synovial Joint

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8
Q

Ligaments involved in the weight transmission from the appendicular skeleton to axial skeleton

A
  1. Acromio-clavicular Ligament
  2. Coraco-clavicular Ligament (to clavicle)
  3. Sterno-clavicular Ligament
  4. Costo-clavicular Ligament (to axial skeleton via clavicle)
  5. Inter-clavicular Ligament
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9
Q

Coraco-acromial Ligament is not involved in the weight transmission from appendicular to axial skeleton.

True/False

A

True

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10
Q

SupraScapular Foramen transmits

A

SupraScapular Nerve

SupraScapular Artery passes above the foramen(above transverse scapular ligament)

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11
Q

Level of Superior Angle of Scspula

A

T2 Vertebra

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12
Q

Level of Inferior angle of Scapula

A

T7 Spine or T8 Body

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13
Q

Supra-Glenoid Tubercle giving origin to

A

Long Head Of Biceps

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14
Q

Infra-Glenoid Tubercle giving origin to

A

Long Head of Triceps

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15
Q

Which border of Scapula is only for Muscle Insertion

A

Medial Border

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16
Q

Muscle Inserted on Medial Border of Scapula

Posterior Surface;

A

Medial Border - Only insertion

On posterior side 3 Muscles;

Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor

On Anterior side;
Serratus anterior

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17
Q

Which border of Scapula is only for Origin of Muscle

Anterior Surface;

Posterior Surface;

A

Lateral Border - only origin

On Posterior Side;
Teres minor
Teres major

On Anterior Side;
Subscapularis

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18
Q

Coracoid process is which type of Epiphysis?

A

Atavastic type of Epiphysis - Phylogenetically independent but fuse with other bones mainly for nutrition

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19
Q

Muscles attached to Coracoid Process

A

P - Pectoralis minor

C - Coracobrachialis

B - short head of Biceps

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20
Q

Insertion of Trapezius Muscle

A

Upper Border of Spine + Medial Border of Acromion Process + Posterior Border of Clavicle

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21
Q

Muscle inserted to Lesser Tubercle of Humerus

A

Subscapularis Muscle

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22
Q

Muscles inserted to Greater Tubercle

A

S ~ Supraspinatus
I ~ Infraspinatus
T ~ Teres Minor

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23
Q

Inter-Tubercular Sulcus of Humerus is also known as

A

Bicipital Groove

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24
Q

Structure passing through Bicipital Groove/Intertubercular Groove

A

Long head of Biceps

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25
Q

Of Inter-Tubercular Sulcus of Humerus
Muscle attached to;

Medial Lip -

Floor -

Lateral Lip -

A

Medial Lip - Teres major

Floor - Lattismus dorsi

Lateral Lip - Pectosalis major

Laddy b/w Two Major

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26
Q

Neck of the Humerus is related to

A

Axillary Nerve

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27
Q

Content of Spiral/Radial Groove

A

Radial Nerve + Profunda brachii artery

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28
Q

Deltoid tuberosity receives Insertion of which muscle

A

Deltoid Muscle

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29
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles are;

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

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30
Q

Boundaries of Quadrangular Space;

Superior -

Inferior -

Medial -

Lateral -

A

Superior - Teres minor and Capsule of Shoulder Joint

Inferior - Teres major

Medial - Long head of Triceps

Lateral - Neck of Humerus

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31
Q

Contents of Quadrangular Triangle;

A

Axillary Nerve

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Vessels

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32
Q

Boundaries of Triangular Interval / Lower Triangular Space;

Superior -

Medial -

Lateral -

A

Superior - Teres Major

Medial - Long head of Triceps

Lateral - Shaft of Humerus

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33
Q

Contents of Triangular Interval / Lower Triangular Space;

A

Radial Nerve

Profunda brachii vessels

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34
Q

Boundaries of Upper Triangular Space;

Base -

Superior -

Inferior -

A

Base - Long head of Triceps

Superior - Teres minor

Inferior - Teres Major

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35
Q

Contents of Upper Triangular Space;

A

Circumflex scapular vessels

36
Q

Boundaries of Axilla;

Medial -

Lateral -

A

Medial - Rib,
Serratus anterior
Long Thoracic Nerve

Lateral - Inter-tubercular sulcus

37
Q

Boundaries of Axilla;

Anterior -

Posterior -

A

Anterior - Pectoralis Major and Minor

Posterior - Subscapularis
Teres major
Lattisimus dorsi

38
Q

Contents of Axilla

A

Axillary Artery

Axillary Vein

Cords of brachial plexus - medial, lateral, posterior

Axillary Nodes

39
Q

5 Groups of Axillary Nodes

A

Five groups of Axillary Nodes

Anterior 
Lateral 
Posterior 
Central 
Apical
40
Q

Other name for Anterior Axillary Nodes

A

Pectoral nodes

41
Q

Other name for Posterior Axillary Nodes

A

Subscapular Nodes

42
Q

Other Name for Lateral Axillary Nodes;

A

Humeral nodes

43
Q

Vein accompanied by Anterior Axillary / Pectoral Nodes;

A

By Lateral Thoracic Vein

44
Q

Vein accompanied by Posterior Axillary / Subscapular Nodes;

A

Subscapular Vein

45
Q

Vein accompanied by Lateral Axillary / Humeral nodes;

A

Axillary Vein

46
Q

Anterior, Posterior and Lateral Axillary Nodes Drain into

A

Central Nodes → Apical Nodes

47
Q

Trochlea of the humerus bone articulates with ___________ and forms ___________ Joint.

A

Trochlear notch of Ulna → Humeroulnar Joint

48
Q

Capitulum of the humerus bone articulates with →

→_____________ Joint

A

Head of the radius

→ Humeroradial Joint

49
Q

Coronoid fossa of the humerus bone articulates with

A

Coronoid process of Ulna

50
Q

Olecranon fossa of humerus bone (posteriorly) articulates with

A

Olecranon process of Ulna

51
Q

Fossa above the Capitulum of humerus

A

Radial Fossa

52
Q

Extracapsular Structures at the Lower end of Humerus

A

Medial Epicondyle and Lateral Epicondyle

53
Q

Lateral Epicondyle gives origin to

A

Common Extensors of Forearm

54
Q

Medial Epicondyle gives origin to

A

Common Flexors of Forearm

55
Q

Epicondyle involved in the Tennis Elbow

A

Lateral Epicondyle

56
Q

Epicondyle involved in the Golfer’s Elbow

A

Medial Epicondyle

57
Q

Ulnar Tuberosity receives Insertion of _________ Muscle

A

Brachialis Muscle insertion → Ulnar Tuberosity

58
Q

Radial Tuberosity receives Insertion of _________ Muscle

A

Biceps Muscle insertion → Radial Tuberosity

59
Q

Number of RadioUlnar Joint;

A

Three RadioUlnar Joints;

Superior ~

Middle ~

Inferior ~

60
Q

What is the type of each RadioUlnar Joint?

Superior ~

Middle ~

Inferior ~

A

Superior ~ Pivot Joint

Middle ~ Syndesmosis

Inferior ~ Pivot Joint

61
Q

What is Pronation and Supination

A

Movement of radius over a stationary ulna

62
Q

Joints involved in the Pronation and Supination Movement

A

Humeroradial Joint
Superior RadioUlnar Joint
Inferior RadioUlnar Joint

Supination and Pronation mainly occurs at these three joints

63
Q

Degenerated part of Flexor pollicis longus is

A

Oblique cord

64
Q

Structure piercing the Inter-Osseous membrane

A

Anterior Inter-Osseous Artery

65
Q

Lister’s tubercle present in the

A

Lower end of Radius

66
Q

Carpal bones - Proximal Raw;

A

From lateral to Medial;

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

67
Q

Carpal bones - Distal Raw;

A

From lateral to medial;

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

68
Q

RadioCarpal/Wrist joint is which type of joint

A

Synovial, Biaxial and Ellipsoid joint

69
Q

Bones involved in the Wrist Joint Formation;

A

Articulation between Lower end of Radius and

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum

70
Q

In the neutral position of wrist, Which bones are in contact with the radius and articular disc;

A

Only Scaphoid and Lunate

The triquetrum comes in contact into apposition with the disc only in full adduction of the wrist

71
Q

Most commonly fractured bone from Carpals;

A

Scaphoid

72
Q

Most commonly dislocated bone from Carpals;

A

Lunate

73
Q

Largest Carpal Bone

A

Capitate

74
Q

Smallest Carpal Bone

A

Pisiform - Sesamoid bone formed in Tendon of Flexor carpi ulnaris

75
Q

From Carpals; 1st Bone to ossify

A

Capitate - by 2nd Month of Intrauterine life

76
Q

From Carpals; Last bone to Ossify

A

Pisiform - by 12 years

77
Q

1st Metacarpal Bone only articulates with

A

Trapezium → Saddle joint

1st metacarpal bone does not articulate with other metacarpals.

78
Q

Base of the 1st Metacarpal is

It lies -

A

Convexo-Concave

→ Saddle Joint

It lies more Anterior and Medial

79
Q

For the 1st Metacarpal bone, the Primary Ossification Centre appears at

A

At base

79
Q

If Primary Ossification Centre of 1st Metacarpal is at the Head of Metacarpal

Then it is called as

A

Aberrant epiphysis

Aberrant means - not usually present

81
Q

Primary ossification centre of 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpal appear at

A

Head of Metacarpal

83
Q

When the elbow is extended and supinated, the carrying angle is approximately

A

17°

Carrying angle is used to identify Varus or Vagus in the elbow joint.

84
Q

Rotator interval is an area between

A

Supraspinatus and Subscapularis

85
Q

A normal scapulohumeral rhythm is in the ratio of

A

2:1

86
Q

First bone to ossify in human body;

A

Clavicle - by 5th-6th weeks of intrauterine life

87
Q

Stability of the Shoulder joint is provided by

A
  • Rotator cuff - formed by blending of tendons of 4 muscles
  • Tendon of long head of biceps
  • Coracoacromial ligament

Upper Limb ~ Anatomy (9 decks)

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