osteoporosis Flashcards
1
Q
where does it affect
A
hip wrist spine
2
Q
definition
A
low bone mass and deterioration in architecture causing susceptibility to fracture
3
Q
pathogenesis
A
low osteoblasts(build new bone), high osteoclasts(break down old bone)
4
Q
symptoms
A
fracture, pain, reduced mobility
5
Q
risk factors
A
genetics, smoking, low BMI, female, oestrogen deficiency steroid use, white low calcium intake, low exercise, excess alcohol, RA
6
Q
secondary prevention
A
calcium + vitD, alendronate, bisphosphonate
7
Q
normal PBM
A
25-40
8
Q
how to measure bone density
A
DEXA scan, T score of 2.5 or less = osteoporosis
9
Q
loss of bone per year
A
0.5-1%
10
Q
side effects of alendronate
A
inflamed food pipe (drink full glass of water)
