Osteoporosis Flashcards
What is bone composed of?
Collagen fibres, calcium, phosphate
What are the 2 types of bone in the body?
Trabecular and cortical
Does the skeleton naturally remodel itself?
Yes
What and where is cortical?
Compact, outer layer of bone, mostly in long shaft of bone, 80% of skeleton
What and where is trabecular?
Cancellous, spongy material(central mesh work of bone) 20% of skeleton, more brittle is more likely to fracture
What is the order of the bone from outside in
Blood vessels, periosteum(membrane), cortical, marrow, medullary cavity, trabecular
What is bone turnover
Surface event
Define strength of bone measured by
Trabecular vs. Cortical
How does bone remodel itself
Gradual process(remodelling) involves a repeating cycle of breaking down existing bone bit by bit
What is mineralization
Laying down new cells
Define remodelling
Strength and integrity by replacing old bone, mineral homeostasis
What happens when your body lacks calcium
Calcium needed for heart rate muscle contraction blood pressure when calcium drops steals from bones and you get osteoporosis
Who’s going to get 100% on anatomy Friday?
You are!
What is osteoporosis
Metabolic bone disorder, happens when rate of bone reabsorption accelerates while formation flows, causes loss of mass, bone looses calcium&phosphate bc of disease( in picture bone cells look swollen, darker, less cells)
Why is osteoporosis worse during metapause
Decrease in est an prog decrease in circulatory system, bones experience greater numbers of remodelling= higher risk for age related losses in mass
What is the most common osteoporosis spinal fracture?
Vertebral compression fractures(VCF)
What are vertebral fractures from?
NOT connected with severe trauma, from very low impact pressures and movements an bones are so brittle( compression fracture common)
Pain associated with VCFs…
Severe and local to site( typically mid thoracic, lower “”, and lumbar spine( pain increases with prolonged sitting standing etc)
Signs and Symptoms of VCF’s…
Loss of height, bone loss, muscle spasm lower back, burning, back pain, fractures
What are the key muscles for VCF
Trunk extensors, hip abduction, gastrosoleus
Physical Examinations look at..
Balance, gait, sensation, bone mineral density testing( BMD)**(best way)
What’s is BMD
Bone mineral density testing measures mineral content of bone in grams per square cm
Issues with VCF
Self care, leisure, productivity, sensorimotor, psychosocial
No cure for osteoporosis ( prevention& early intervention important)( work on improving quality of life, preventing, manage symptoms, increase bone mass)
Good job!
Osteoporosis devices
Balance balls, exercises, spinal corsets, aquatic exercises
Joint protection for osteoporosis
Even stress an weight on joints, avoid static holding position for long times, avoid lifting, take rest brakes
