Osteopathic Clinical Thinking: Integration of the 5 Models of Osteopathic Treatment

Question 1

WHO definition of health

Answer 1

-a complete state of physical, mental and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Definition of health

Answer 2

• environment: physical, social/emotional, community

- internal: systems/whole, psychoemotional

Question 3

Harmony implies

Answer 3

capacity to adjust to stressors

Question 4

The CV and lymphatic systems are comprised of several elements

Answer 4

• high pressure: arterial

- low pressure: venous, lymphatics

Question 5

The nervous system is comprised of many elements

Answer 5

• central: brain and spinal cord

- peripheral: autonomic; proprioceptors; etc

Question 6

interface with each other during normal functioning and in times/conditions of disease

Answer 6

-nervous system and fluid dynamics

Question 7

Biomechanics can

Answer 7

-change the pressure on nerves and fascias, thus affecting nerve function and fluid mobility; biomechanics is not the only thing that affects these aspects of bodily function so the overlap is not complete

Question 8

somatic dysfunction overlaps

Answer 8

-nervous system, fluid dynamics, and biomechanics and to the degree that it relates to the person’s diagnosed problems, its treatment can assist in their recovery/healing

Question 9

Visceral dysfunction

Answer 9

-impaired or altered mobility or motility of the visceral system and the combined fascias, the neurological, vascular, skeletal and lymphatic elements

Question 10

Manipulation

Answer 10

-skillful or dexterous treatment by the hands

Question 11

Definition of manipulation

Answer 11

-the use of the hands in a patient management process using instructions and maneuvers to achieve maximum painless, movement of the musculoskeletal (motor) system postural balance

Question 12

Models of Osteopathic Treatment

Answer 12

• postural structural
• neurological
• respiratory circulatory
• bioenergy
• psychosocial

Question 13

Somatic Dysfunction Defined

Answer 13

-impaired or altered function of the somatic (body framework) system: skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial structures; and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements

Question 14

Joint Mobilization methods

Answer 14

• direct
• indirect
• combined
• physiological
• exaggeration

Question 15

How to apply to a systemic disease: relevant concerns with fluid congestion (venous & lymphatic, in particular)

Answer 15

• think local edema or systemic congestion
• delineate the drainage pathway for the area, viscus, joint, or other components relevant to the patient problem, follow this to its terminal drainage
• describe and portray the anatomic/physiologic “choke points” that my impede drainage along this path
• suggest osteopathic manipulative interventions that may assist in drainage of the fluid congestion associated with the patient problem

Question 16

How to apply to a systemic disease: relevant nervous system concerns

Answer 16

• SNS, PNS, pain
• delineate the innevation for the area, viscus, joint or other component relevant to the patient problem and follow its course to spinal cord
• describe anatomic factors/influences along the course of the innervation that can change SNS function
• suggest possible osteopathic manipulative intervention that my assist in normalization of the nervous system influences associated with the problem

Question 17

How to apply to a systemic disease: relevant biomechanical concerns

Answer 17

• torques, twists, strains, undue pressure anywhere in the musculo-skeletal system
• delineate the local and regional biomechanics concerns that may impact the patient problem
• delineate the inter-regional biomechanical concerns that may impact the patient problem
• suggest possible OMT that may assist in normalization of biomechanical influences on the problem

Question 18

How to apply to a systemic disease: relevant visceral concerns

Answer 18

• delineate the innervation/vascular/lymphatic elements of rate viscous relevant to the patient problem and follow its course to the related anatomic sources
• describe the anatomic factors/influences along the course of the innervation/vascular/lymphatic elements that can change visceral function
• suggest possible OMT

Question 19

Postural structural model

Answer 19

• how our patients responds to gravity and balance and posture
• joint motion, etc

Question 20

Neurological model

Answer 20

-trigger points

Question 21

Respiratory-circulatory model

Answer 21

• lymphatics

- thoracics, rib motion, sacral motion, etc

Question 22

Bioenergy model

Answer 22

• acupuncture, percussion

- balance between energy expenditure and supply