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Head And Neck Anatomy > Osteology > Flashcards

Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the different parts of the Temporal bone.

A
  1. Squamous part
  2. Mastoid part
  3. Tympanic plate
  4. Petrous part
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2
Q

What is the Asterion?

A

The point where the Parietomastoid suture, the Occipitomastoid suture and the Lambdoid sutures meet .

Parietomastoid- b/w mastoid part of temporal bone and posteroinferior part of parietal bone.

Occipitomastoid- b/w mastoid part of temporal bone and squamous occipital bone.

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3
Q

What is Macewen’s Triangle? What are the boundaries?

A

Also called Suprameatal Triangle.
Small depression posterosuperior to the Ext Acoustic Meatus.

Boundaries:
•Supramastoid crest above
•Posterosuperior margin of EAM in front
•Tangent to the posterior margin of EAM behind

Suprameatal spine maybe be present in the anteroinferior margin of the triangle.

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4
Q

Attachments of Styloid Process?

A 
2 ligaments and 3 muscles — form Styloid Apparatus.
•Stylohyoid Ligament
•Stylomandibular Ligament
•Stylohyoid muscle 
•Styloglossus Muscle
•Stylopharyngeus muscle

Base is related to facial nerve.
Apex is crossed by External Carotid Artery.

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5
Q

Presenting parts of Petrous Temporal Bone.

A

Apex
Base
3 borders- Superior, Anterior, Posterior
3 surfaces- Anterior, Posterior and Inferior

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6
Q

What is Tegmen Tympani?

A

It is the lateral-most part of the Anterior surface of Petrous Temporal bone.

It forms the roofs of the following from behind forward:
Mastoid antrum, Middle ear cavity and Bony part of Auditory Tube.

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7
Q

Jugular Foramen is formed by—?

A

Jugular fossa of Petrous temporal bone and jugular notch of occipital bone.

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8
Q

Structures passing through Jugular Foramen?

A

3 compartments
•Medial- Inferior Petrosal sinus
•Middle- 9th, 10th, 11th C.N. & Meningeal branch of Ascending Pharyngeal Artery
•Lateral- Internal Jugular Vein

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9
Q

Structures passing through Internal Acoustic Meatus?

A
  1. Facial nerve
  2. Labyrinthine Artery
  3. Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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10
Q

Location of Hypoglossal Canal? Structures passing through it?

A

Below the anterior part of the occipital codyles.

Transmits:

1) Hypoglossal nerve
2) Meningeal branch of Ascending pharyngeal artery

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11
Q

The basilar part of occipital bone articulates with ——?

A

The anterior surface articulates with the body of sphenoid forming a Synchondrosis which later forms Synostosis after 25 years of age.

The lateral margin articulates with the posterior border of the petrous temporal bone.

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12
Q

Attachments of the Superior Nuchal line?

A

Medially gives origin to Trapezius.

Laterally, gives insertion to the Sternocleidastoid below and origin to Occipital belly of Occipitofrontalis muscle above.

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13
Q

Attachment of the superior surface of basilar part of occipital bone?

A

From above downward

  1. Tectorial membrane
  2. upper band of cruciform ligament
  3. Apical ligament of dens
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14
Q

Attachment of the inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone?

A

Pharyngeal tubercle gives attachment to Pharyneal raphe.

On either side of the tubercle their is insertion of Longus Capitis.

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15
Q

Name the 3 parts of frontal bone.

A
  1. Squamous part
  2. Nasal part
  3. Orbital part
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16
Q

What is nasion?

A

Meeting point of internasal and frontonasal sutures.

17
Q

Formation of foramen cecum? What does it transmit?

A

Formed b/w the frontal crest of frontal bone and the notch between the alae of crista galli of ethmoid.
Transmits no imp structure. Sometimes an emissary vein connecting veins of nasal mucosa to Sup. Saggital sinus.

18
Q

The ethmoidal notch of frontal bone articulates with————?

A

Labyrinth of ethmoid.

19
Q

Meeting point of the two superciliary arches?

A

Glabella.

20
Q

Frontal tuber is more prominent in?

A

Women and children.

21
Q

Super ciliary arches more prominent in—-?

A

Men.

22
Q

Posterior margin of orbital plate of frontal bone articulates with which bone?

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid.

23
Q

Nasal notch of frontal bone articulates with—-?

A

3 bones from medial to lateral—- nasal bone, frontal process of maxilla, lacrimal bone.

24
Q

Where is the parietal foramen? What structures pass through it?

A

In the parietal bone, near the posterior end of the superior border.

Transmits

  • emissary vein connecting sup saggital sinus to veins of scalp
  • meningeal branch of Occipital artery
25
Q

Name the 3 constant foramina on the sphenoid.

A

From medial to lateral:
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen Spinosum

26
Q

Structures passing through foramen rotundum, ovale and spinosum?

A

Foramen rotundum: Maxillary nerve

Foramen ovale (MALE)

1) Mandibular Nerve
2) Accessory meningeal artery
3) Lesser Petrosal Nerve
4) Emissary vein

Foramen Spinosum (MMM)

1) Middle Meningeal artery
2) Middle Meningeal vein
3) Meningeal branch Mandibular nerve

27
Q

Attachments of spine of sphenoid?

A

2 muscles and 3 ligaments

Muscles — Tensor veli palatini, Tensor Tympani

Ligaments— Sphenomandibular, Ant. Ligament of Malleus, Pterygospinous.

28
Q

Features of superior surface of body of sphenoid?

A

From before backward:

1) Ethmoidal spine
2) Jugum sphenoidale
3) Sulcus chiasmaticus
4) Tuberculum sellae with middle clinoid process on each side
5) Hypophyseal Fossa
6) Dorsum Sellae with Posterior clinoid process on each side

29
Q

Structures passing through optic canal?

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

30
Q

Walls of bony orbit and the bones forming them.

A

Roof- Orbital plate of frontal bone, lesser wing of sphenoid

Floor- Orbital surface of maxilla, lower part of orbital surface of zygomatic bone, small part formed by Orbital process of palatine

Lateral wall- Orbital surfaces of Greater wing of sphenoid and Zygomatic bone (frontal process)

Medial wall- (before backwards) Frontal process of maxilla, lacrimal bone, orbital surface of ethmoid, body of sphenoid.

Apex- Medial end of SOF
Base- Orbital opening on the face

31
Q

Contents of orbit?

A
  1. Eyeball
  2. Fascia- Orbital and bulbar
  3. Muscles - extra-ocular and intraocular
  4. Vessels - Opthalmic artery, Superior and Inferior opthalmic vein, lymphatics
  5. Nerves - CN 2,3,4,6, branches of Opthalmic and maxillary nerves, sympathetic nerves
  6. Lacrimal gland
  7. Orbital fat
32
Q

Name the structures passing through Foramen Magnum.

A

VAMP Sing At Midnight

Vertebral arteries 
Anterior Spinal Arteries
Meningeal branches of Cervical Nerves
Posterior Spinal Arteries
Spinal Root of accessory nerve 
Alar and Apical Ligament of dens 
Tectorial Membrane
Medulla Oblongata
33
Q

Motor supply of the important viscera of Head and neck, with exceptions.

A
  1. All muscles of Tongue - Hypoglossal
    Except- Palatoglossus by Cranial part of accessory
  2. All muscles of soft palate- Pharyngeal plexus derived from Cranial part of accessory
    Except - Tensor palati by Mandibular nerve
  3. All intrinsic muscles of Larynx - Recurrent Laryngeal nerve
    Except - Cricothyroid by External laryngeal nerve
  4. All muscles of pharynx - Cranial part of accessory via Pharyngeal plexus
    Except - (I) Stylopharyngeus by Glossopharyngeal (2) Inferior constrictor gets additional supply for External and recurrent laryngeal
34
Q

What is sella turcica?

A

Collective term given to Tuberculum sellae, Dorsum sellae and Hypophyseal Fossa.

  • It resembles a Turkish Saddle.
  • The pituitary gland is located in it.

Head And Neck Anatomy (8 decks)

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