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ANTH 110L > Osteology > Flashcards

Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cranium? What bones make it up?

A

That big part of the skull.
Has a whole bunch of bones:
- Frontal bone (headbutt bone)
- Temporal bones (depressed bones)
- Parietal bones (hairline bones)
- Maxilla (upper teeth bone)
- Occipital bone (back of head bone, has gloryhole of the skull)

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2
Q

What is the mandible? What features does it have?

A

What pretentious people call the jaw.
Has:
- Mental eminence (mewmaxxing)

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3
Q

What is the sagittal plane?

A

Plane that splits the body into two even halves, straight down the middle

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4
Q

What is the coronal plane? (Think “crown”)

A

Plane that splits the body into a front (anterior) and back (posterior)

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5
Q

Transverse

A

Horizontal cut at the waist.

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6
Q

Superior (plane, meaning)

A

Transverse, moving toward the head

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7
Q

Inferior (plane, meaning)

A

Transverse, moving away from the head

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8
Q

Medial (plane, meaning)

A

Sagittal, closer toward the center

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9
Q

Lateral (plane, meaning)

A

Sagittal, away from the center

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10
Q

Proximal (plane, meaning)

A

Not tied to any plane, limb closer toward body

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11
Q

Distal (plane, meaning)

A

Not tied to any plane, limb away from body

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12
Q

What is left and right relative to?

A

The perspective of the body

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13
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Skull, torso

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14
Q

Appendicular skeleton (the manly stuff)

A

Pecs, pelvis and limbs (think appendages)

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15
Q

What does “suture” mean?

A

The fusing of two bones together, most relates to the skull

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16
Q

Where is the coronal suture?

A

In between the parietal bones and the frontal bone. Along where a crown might rest or a really receded hairline

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17
Q

Where is the sagittal suture?

A

Down the middle of the skull

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18
Q

Where is the lambdoidal suture?

A

In the back of the head, makes an upward arrow shape

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19
Q

Where is the squamosal suture?

A

Ear crack. Just behind the ear, in between the lambdoidal suture and coronal suture

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20
Q

Can you touch your supraorbital ridge?

A

Yes, it’s like the “brow bone”

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21
Q

Can you touch your supraorbital margins?

A

No, it’s tucked inside the eye socket, just below the supraorbital ridge

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22
Q

Where is the glabella?

A

In between the supraorbital ridge. In laymanspeak, middle of brow

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23
Q

Where are the temporal lines?

A

Straddling the edge of depression along the sides of the skull. Runs through parietals. Very informal.

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24
Q

Where are the parietal bones?

A

Top of the skull. When both are put together, they look like a really recessed hairline

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25
Q

Where is the occipital bone?

A

The back and bottom of the skull. Has the following:
- Foramen magnum (gloryhole)
- External occipital protuberance (pecker)
- Nuchal lines/crest (bone wrinkles)
- Occipital condyles (folds around gloryhole)

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26
Q

What and where is the foramen magnum?

A

The gloryhole of the skull for Danny DeVito’s magnum dong. Bottom of the skull.

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27
Q

What and where is the external occipital protuberance?

A

The pecker at the back of the skull

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28
Q

What and where are the nuchal lines? Also known as the nuchal crest.

A

Bone wrinkles beside the pecker (external occipital protuberance). Back of the skull

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29
Q

What and where are the occipital condyles?

A

The folds around the gloryhole of the skull (foramen magnum)

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30
Q

Where is the temporal bone?

A

Past the cheekbone, right under the ear crack (squamosal suture).
Has the following:
- Mastoid process (blade of the skull)
- Zygomatic process (bridge of the skull)
- External auditory meatus (BONE EARS)

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31
Q

Where is the sphenoid?

A

Inside the skull. Part of it is in between the temporal bone and the frontal bone. Can also be poked through the eyes.

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32
Q

Where is the frontal bone?

A

On the skull. Used to headbutt people. Very effective.
Has the following:
- Supraorbital ridge/superciliary arches (brow bone)
- Supraorbital margins (can’t touch)
- Glabella (middle of brow bone)
- Temporal lines (run along edge of depression)

33
Q

Where is the maxilla?

A

The bone where the top set of teeth connect.
Has the following:
- Infraorbital foramen (top nails)
- Frontal process (nose clenchers)

34
Q

Where are the zygomatics?

A

Basically cheekbones. Support the bridge of the skull (????? process)

35
Q

What and where are the nasal bones?

A

Pair of bones in between the nose clenchers (frontal process)

36
Q

What and where is the mastoid process?

A

The blade of the skull. On the sides of the skull (temporal bone)

37
Q

What and where is the zygomatic process?

A

The bridge of the skull. Bridging the cheekbone (zygomatic bone) and depressed bone (temporal bone)

38
Q

What and where is the external auditory meatus?

A

BONE EARS. In between the blade (mastoid process) and the bridge (zygomatic process)

39
Q

What are the four types of teeth?

A

Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars
Human dental formula: 2-1-2-3 (top and bottom)

40
Q

What is the only floating bone in the body?

A

Hyoid bone. It looks like a little fish jaw.

41
Q

Sternum

A

Holds the rib cage shut

42
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

12 pairs of ribs.
7 pairs are true ribs (direct connection to sternum)
5 pairs are false ribs
- 3 ribs piggyback off rib 7 to the sternum
- 2 ribs don’t connect to vertebra

43
Q

What are the bones in the vertebrae?

A

Superior to inferior:
- 7 Cervical (baby holes)
- 12 Thoracic (glory hole with handles)
- 5 Lumbar (big plate)
- 1 Sacrum (connects MISSINGNO (innominates))
- 1 Coccyx (tailbone)

44
Q

What are some characteristics of the cervical vertebrae?

A

It has baby holes, like someone hammered in some nails and took them out.

45
Q

What are some characteristics of the thoracic vertabrae?

A

It has a gloryhole with handles

46
Q

What are some characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

It has a big plate that would work well as an oil lamp

47
Q

What is the sacrum?

A

The bone that connects MISSINGNO (innominate)

48
Q

What is the coccyx?

A

The tailbone. It has a nub at the top.

49
Q

What is the scapula?

A

The bone known popularly as the shoulder blade. DOES NOT HAVE A GLORYHOLE.

50
Q

What are the clavicles?

A

Popularly known together as the collarbone. S-shaped. Together, they look like a handlebar.

51
Q

What is the humerus?

A

A funny bone. Handle to shoulder blade (scapula). Rounded top which DOES NOT EXTRUDE.

52
Q

What are the bones of the shoulder joint?

A
  • Scapula (shoulder blade)
  • Humerus (blade handle)
  • Clavicle (collarbone, handlebar)
53
Q

What are the bones of the forearm?

A

There are two bones:
- Ulna (ice cream scoop)
- Radius (big nail)

54
Q

What and where is the ulna?

A

It is the larger, stationary bone in the forearm. It doubles as an ice cream scoop.
Has:
- Olecranon process (ice cream scoop)

55
Q

What and where is the radius?

A

It is the thinner, mobile bone of the forearm. It looks like a huge nail.

56
Q

What and where is the olecranon process?

A

It is the ice cream scoop. It is on the proximal end of the ulna.

57
Q

What are the three bones of the hand?

A

Carpal (hand pebbles)
Metacarpal (palm)
Hand phalanx (fingers)

58
Q

What are carpals?

A

Hand pebbles

59
Q

What are metacarpals?

A

Bones in the palm of the hand

60
Q

What are hand phalanges

A

Fingie bones. Easier to remember the singular phalanx.

61
Q

What are the bones of the birth canal?

A

There are three bones that make this up:
- MISSINGNO (innominates/hip bones)
- Sacrum
- Tailbone (Coccyx)

62
Q

What is the innominate?

A

The biggest bone of the birth canal, has a gloryhole.
Has the following:
- Ilium (Axehead bone)
- Ischium (gloryhole major)
- Pubis (pathetic gloryhole minor)

63
Q

What and where is the ilium?

A

The axehead of MISSINGNO (innominate)

64
Q

What and where is the ischium?

A

Gloryhole major on MISSINGNO (innominate)

65
Q

What and where is the pubis?

A

Pathetic gloryhole minor on MISSINGNO (innominate)
Has:
- Pubic symphysis (pubic synthesis)

66
Q

What and where is the pubic symphysis?

A

Middle of the two pubis bones. Sounds like pubic synthesis.

67
Q

Aside from bones, what are the features of the innominate?

A
  • Auricular surface (pubic ear)
  • Acetabulum (leg socket)
  • Pubic symphysis (pubic synthesis)
68
Q

What and where is the auricular structure?

A

On the inside of MISSINGNO (innominate), has an ear shape.

69
Q

What and where is the acetabulum

A

Socket on the outside of MISSINGNO (innominate)

70
Q

What is the femur?

A

The largest bone in the body, also known as the thigh bone. THE HEAD EXTRUDES

71
Q

What is the largest bone in the body?

A

The femur.

72
Q

What bones intersect at the knee?

A

There are four bones at this intersection:
- Femur (leg axehandle)
- Patella (kneecap)
- Tibia (flathead)
- Fibula (liar bone)

73
Q

What is the tibia?

A

Main bone of the lower leg. Both ends are flat.
Has:
Medial malleolus (ankle hooks)

74
Q

What is the fibula?

A

Long bone behind the flathead bone (tibia) in the lower leg. Depression in the back middle. Says it isn’t depressed (lie).

75
Q

What are the bone types of the foot?

A

There are three bone types:
- Tarsal (foot pebbles)
- Metatarsal (foot arch)
- Foot phalanx (toe bones)

76
Q

What are the tarsals?

A

Foot pebbles.

77
Q

What are the metatarsals?

A

Foot arch, bones have a slight curve to them.

78
Q

What are the foot phalanges?

A

Toe bones. All are fairly small except for the big toe.

ANTH 110L (1 decks)

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