Osteology Flashcards
Identify this structure of cortical bone.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/146/004/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440935)
nutrient foramen
What is a ligament?
A collagen fiber band or sheet that connects bone to bone.
On the frontal/coronal plane, ______ is farther towards the front of the body.
anterior
Identify #3.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/135/980/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440930)
epiphyseal plate
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/135/980/a_image_thumb.png?1659409692)
On the sagittal plane, _____ is closer to the midline.
medial
Identify this structure of cortical bone.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/145/978/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440935)
Sharpey’s fibers
On the sagittal plane, _____ is farther from the midline.
lateral
What is endochondral ossification?
the embryonic model for most long, short and irregular bones is a mass of dense fibrous connective tissue
- stem cells differentiate into chondroblasts which begin laying down hyaline cartilage matrix in a pattern to replace the fibrous connective tissue model
- then osteoclasts and blood vessels penetrate the cartilage while other stem cells follow and differentiate into osteoblasts which begin laying down bone matrix in a spongy bone pattern to replace the cartilage model
- several such centers of ossification expand until they meet and fuse;
- eventually the entire structure matures to have compact bone on the outer surface and to have spongy bone and possibly a marrow space in the interior
What is the diaphysis?
The shaft of a long bone.
What percentage of a bone is mineral and what is this primarily comprised of?
65% - hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate)
provides rigidity
What is an osteocyte?
The result of an encased osteoblast or osteoid located in a lacunae that maintains bone.
What is an osteoclast?
A cell that destroys bone.
On the transverse plane, ______ is nearer to the bottom of the body.
inferior
Identify this structure of cortical bone.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/146/060/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440935)
Haversian canal
What are the three types of joints?
- fibrous
- cartilaginous
- synovial
What does periosteum do?
It provides nutrient-rich blood for the bone and is the source of bone-developing cells (osteoblasts) after a fracture or during growth.
What type of synovial joint is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/147/101/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440937)
pivot
What is synovial fluid and what does it do?
An egg-white like fluid within the joint cavity that keeps the articular cartilage moist.
What is intramembranous ossification?
a stage of bone development in human fetuses that involves osteoblasts laying down woven bone that eventually becomes lamellar bone
the embryonic model for most flat bones and a few other bones is a sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue
- stem cells differentiate into osteoblasts which begin laying down bone matrix in a spongy bone pattern to replace the fibrous membrane model
- several such centers of ossification expand until they meet and fuse
- eventually the entire structure matures to have compact bone on the outer surface and spongy bone in the interior.
Identify structure #2 of trabecular bone.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/146/370/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440936)
red marrow space
What is the name of this pose?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/137/415/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440933)
the anatomical position
What type of synovial joint is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/147/759/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440937)
hinge
Give one example of a flat bone.
hip, parietal bone…
Identify structure #4 of trabecular bone.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/146/561/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440936)
osteocytes
What is articular cartilage?
Smooth, slippery, bloodless cartilage found on the end of long bones.
What is the name of this plane?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/138/038/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440933)
the coronal/frontal plane
On the transverse plane, ______ is farther from the midline of the body.
distal
What is the epiphysis?
The end of a long bone.
Identify #6.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/136/519/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440931)
compact bone
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/136/519/a_image_thumb.png?1659409692)
What is periosteum?
A fibrous, vascular, sensitive covering for a bone.
Identify #2.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/049/141/748/q_image_thumb.jpg?1659440934)
growth plate
What is an osteoblast?
A cell that builds bone and produces osteoids.