OST Exam 1: Part 1 (Anna)

Question 1

Q1: Modified by Medications

List the three main medications associated with Drug Influenced Gingival Enlargements:

Answer 1

Drug influenced gingival enlargements:

1) Dilantin
2) Nifedipine
3) Cyclosporin

Question 2

Q1: Modified by Medications:

Role of drug Dilantin?

Answer 2

Anti-seizure medication

Question 3

Q1: Modified by Medications:

Role of drug Nifedipine

Answer 3

Calcium channel blockers – (for hypertension and/

Question 4

Q1: Modified by Medications:

Role of Cyclosporin

Answer 4

Immunosuppressents– (transplant pts)

Question 5

Q1: Modified by Medications:

List main medication associated with Drug Influenced Gingivitis:

Answer 5

Oral contraceptives.

Question 6

Q2: Gingivitis:

Is gingivitis reversible or irreversible?

Answer 6

REVERSIBLE

Question 7

Q2: Gingivitis

Is periodontitis reversible or irreversible?

Answer 7

IRREVERSIBLE

Question 8

Q2: Gingivitis

At what point in time would you see incidence of gingivitis spikes?
– There should be two main spikes.

Answer 8

Times of Hormonal changes:

• • 1) Puberty: (Graph showed huge spike at age 13)
• • 2) Pregnancy

Question 9

Q2: Gingivitis

There is a spike in gingivitis associated with pregnancy. List the microbe associated with this spike.

Answer 9

– Increase in Prevotella Intermedia:

It uses steroids as growth factor

Question 10

Q2: Profile associated with Experimental Gingivitis Model

Explain gingival health

Answer 10

Gingival health = gingivitis developed when there was no oral hygiene. Was reversed once oral hygiene presumed

Question 11

Q2: Profile associated with experiemental gingivitis model

Proofs: Fill in the Blank:

1. __________ causes gingivitis?
2. Gingivitis is reversible or irreversible?
3. Plaque changes from predominant Gram (+/-) to a mix of G+ and G- microorganism
4. As plaque ages, aerobes increase or decrease, anaerobes increase or decrease?

Answer 11

1. Plaque causes gingivitis
2. Gingivitis is reversible
3. Plaque changes from predominant G+ to a mix of G+ and G- microorganism
4. As plaque ages, aerobes decrease, anaerobes increase

Question 12

Q2:

Plaque-Induced Gingivitis Modified by Systemic Factors: List the two systemic factors and the diseases associated with them

Answer 12

1) Endocrine:
- -Puberty
- -Pregnancy
- -Diabetes

2) Blood Dyscrasias:
- -Leukemia

Question 13

Q2:

Plaque-Induced Gingivitis Modified by Malnutrition:

• This is as a result of what type of deficiency?
• What disease is associated with Vitamin C deficiency?
• • Is this disease rare in the US?

Answer 13

• • Vitamin Deficiency
• • Scorbutic gingivitis– “Scurvy”
• • Rare in the US

Question 14

Q2:

In subgingival dental plaque, the growth and pathogenicity is influenced by what?

Answer 14

Growth and pathogenicity influence by SUPRAGINGIVAL plaque

Question 15

Q3:

What five factors are used in measuring/diagnosing periodontal disease?

Answer 15

Diagnosis Factors:

i. Color: Pink is good, Red is bad.
ii. Contour
iii. Consistency /Density
iv. Probing Depths: 0, 3, >5
v. Level of Attachment:

Question 16

Q4:

What’s the primary etiology of periodontal disease?
2) What’s the other?

Answer 16

1) Microbial/Bacterial Plaque (Primary)
i. Specific Microorganism
ii. Total microbial burden
iii. Biofilm pathogenicity

2) Susceptible Host

Question 17

Q7:

What should normal Gingiva look like?
– What terms are used to describe normal gingiva?

Answer 17

• • Coral pink
• • Physiological pigmentation
• -Melanin: Present in all races, but predominantly in African American.

Question 18

Q7:

Healthy gingiva contour is determined by:

1) What tooth surfaces?
2) Shape of gingival pyramidal? (Anterior and posterior)
3) contour varies based on what?
4) What kind of collar?
5) What kind of edged?

Answer 18

Healthy Gingiva Contour (Determined by):
1. Proximal tooth surfaces

2. Shape of gingival embrasures
   a. Anterior=pyramidal
   b. Posterior=flattened
3. Varies with tooth size and alignment
4. Scalloped-collar
5. “Knife-edged