OSRE

Question 1

What is the image appraisal mnemonic and what does it stand for?

Answer 1

In - ID
My - Markers
Class - Collimation
People - Projection and Positioning
Expect - Exposure
Perfection - Pathologies
As - Artifacts
A - Additional Projections
Rule - Repeat Projections

Question 2

Describe IRR

Answer 2

Ionising Radiation Regulations
Focuses on safety of working conditions
Examples: Controlled areas clearly marked
Staff dose monitoring
Regular testing

Question 3

Describe IR(ME)R

Answer 3

Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations
-Protects patients from unnecessary exposure
-Ensure proper justification
-Optimisation of dose - ALARP

Question 4

Name and describe the 4 duty holders of IR(ME)R

Answer 4

Employer - Set out protocol
Referrer - Refers patient for imaging
Practitioner - Justifies x-ray request
Operator - one who carries out exam

Question 5

What requires a pregnancy check?

Answer 5

Imaging from diaphragm to knees
If patient is aged from 12-55

Question 6

Describe effective communication

Answer 6

Active listening
Body language
Professional appearance
Emotional awareness
Speaking clearly

Question 7

Describe Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 7

Self Actualisation - Becoming all you can
Esteem - freedom, self esteem, respect
Love - Friendship, family, intimacy
Safety - security, employment, health
Physiological - air, food, water, shelter

Question 8

What are the 3 sized of CR cassette?

Answer 8

18x24
24x30
35x43

Question 9

Describe Osteoarthritis and its symptoms

Answer 9

Breakdown of joint tissues
Symptoms - Joint pain, stiffness

Question 10

Describe Rheumatoid arthritis and its symptoms

Answer 10

Inflammation of joints
Symptoms - Deformity and immobility

Question 11

Describe Paget’s disease and its symptoms

Answer 11

Affects cycle of bone renewal
Symptoms - Bone becomes weak, fragile and misshaped

Question 12

Describe a Pneumothorax and its symptoms

Answer 12

Air in the pleural cavity causing a collapsed lung
Symptoms - Chest tightening, breathing issues

Question 13

Describe a Pleural effusion and its symptoms

Answer 13

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity
Symptoms - Chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath

Question 14

Describe Osteosarcoma and is symtoms

Answer 14

Tumour of the bone
Symptoms - Bone pain, swelling, reduced movement

Question 15

Describe Multiple myeloma and its symptoms

Answer 15

Cancer of the plasma cells
Symptoms - Bone pain, nausea, weight loss, tiredness

Question 16

Describe Osteoporosis and its symptoms

Answer 16

Decrease of bone mass
Symptoms - Back pain, height loss

Question 17

How does Osteoarthritis appear on X-ray?

Answer 17

Narrowing of joint space, calcifications

Question 18

How does Rheumatoid arthritis appear on X-ray?

Answer 18

Bones look irregularly shaped or shaded

Question 19

How does Paget’s disease appear on X-ray?

Answer 19

Bone breakdown, bowing of long bones

Question 20

How does a Pneumothorax appear on
X-ray?

Answer 20

Dark area around the lung

Question 21

How does a Pleural Effusion appear on X-ray?

Answer 21

A white mass at the base of the lung (obscures costophrenic angle)
Air space is black

Question 22

How does Osteosarcoma appear on X-ray?

Answer 22

New bone formation, layering of bone

Question 23

How does Multiple Myeloma appear on X-ray?

Answer 23

Many lesions on skull, spine, pelvis

Question 24

How does Osteoporosis appear on X-ray?

Answer 24

Decrease cortical thickness, loss of bony trabeculae