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CCNP > OSPF Basics > Flashcards

OSPF Basics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the protocol number for OSPF?

A

89

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2
Q

Which version of OSPF supports ipv6?

A

OSPFv3

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3
Q

Which RFC(s) describes OSPFv2?

A

1247 and 2348

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4
Q

Multicast addresses used by OSPF

A
  1. 0.0.5 for all OSPF routers

224. 0.0.6 for DR or BDR routers

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5
Q

What does LSA stand for?

A

Link State Advertisement

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6
Q

Three basic OSPF operation steps

A
  1. Discover all directly connected OSPF-speaking neighbor routers
  2. Exchange link state information that describes the topology of the OSPF area
  3. Perform best path calculation
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7
Q

What does ASBR stand for?

A

Autonomous System Border Router

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8
Q

Two requirements for backbone areas

A
  1. Must connect to all other non-backbone areas

2. Must be contiguous - not allowed to be split

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9
Q

What is the purpose and type of a HELLO packet?

A

To discover neighbors and build adjacencies (type 1)

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10
Q

What is the purpose and type of a DBD packet?

A

To check for database synchronization between routers (type 2)

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11
Q

What type of packet is used to request LSAs from another router?

A

LSR packet (type 3)

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12
Q

What type of packet is used to send LSAs?

A

LSU packet (type 4)

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13
Q

Command to verify DR/BDR status

A

show ip ospf neighbor

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14
Q

Command to verify OSPF configuration

A

show ip protocols

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15
Q

View OSPF neighborship

A

show ip ospf neighbor

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16
Q

View OSPF enabled interfaces

A

show ip ospf interface

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17
Q

What is an intra-area route?

A

An intra-area route is a route which originates and is learned in the same local area to which the router belongs

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18
Q

What is an interarea route?

A

Routes which originate in other areas and are inserted into the local area to which the router belongs

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19
Q

Command to investigate hello and dead timers

A

show ip ospf interface interface-name

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20
Q

State in which no active OSPF neighbors have been detected?

A

Down

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21
Q

INIT state

A

Interface has received a hello packet but no bi-directional communication has been established with a neighbor

22
Q

State in which bidirectional communication occurs?

A

2-Way

23
Q

Full State

A

Neighbors have become fully adjacent

24
Q

State in which a router has received its own router ID in a hello packet?

A

2-Way

25
Q

Exstart State

A

Establishes which router will exchange DBD packets first

26
Q

State in which DBD packets are exchanged and compared?

A

Exchange

27
Q

Loading State

A

Exchange of LSRs and LSUs in order to synchronize the link state databases between two routers

28
Q

Command to change OSPF network type

A

Enter interface configuration mode

ip ospf network network_type

29
Q

OSPF network types

A
  1. Point-to-Point
  2. Broadcast
  3. NonBroadcast
  4. Point-to-multipoint
  5. Point-to-multipoint NonBroadcast
  6. Loopback
30
Q

Which OSPF network types do not use BRs/BDRs?

A
  1. Point-to-Point because only two routers in subnet
  2. Point-to-Multipoint because one router acts as hub
  3. Loopback because it is a logical interface
31
Q

Which OSPF network types do not use dynamic neighbor discovery?

A
  1. NonBroadcast

2. Loopback

32
Q

Steps to configure OSPF passive interface

A

router ospf #

passive-interface interface-name

33
Q

When would you use passive interfaces?

A

Whenever you do not expect the interface to form neighbor adjacencies.

34
Q

Command to investigate ospf database

A

show ip ospf database

35
Q

Command to verify OSPF type 1 LSAs

A

show ip ospf database router

36
Q

Command to verify locally generated type 1 LSAs

A

show ip ospf database router self-originate

37
Q

What is a type 2 LSA?

A

A LSA generated by a designated router within its area. It includes a list of attached routers on the transit link and the subnet mask of the link

38
Q

Command to investigate type 2 LSAs on a router

A

show ip ospf database network

39
Q

What is the function of a type 3 LSA?

A

To advertise network information to areas outside of the originating area within the OSPF AS. They are regenerated by ABRs.

40
Q

Command to investigate type 3 LSAs on a router

A

show ip ospf database summary

41
Q

What is the function of a type 4 LSA?

A

To advertise the metric to the autonomous system border router. They contain the router id of the ASBR and are regenerated by ABRs.

42
Q

Command to view type 4 LSAs on a router

A

show ip ospf database asbr-summary

43
Q

What is the function a type 5 external LSA?

A

To advertise networks from other autonomous systems. They are advertised and owned by the originating ASBR.

44
Q

Command to view details of type 5 external LSA

A

show ip ospf database external

45
Q

Command to examine the OSPF cost of an interface

A

show ip ospf interface | [brief]

46
Q

How do you prevent router from becoming the DR or BDR?

A

Manually set its OSPF priority to 0

  1. interface
  2. ip ospf priority 0
47
Q

Command to create summary route on an ASBR

A

router ospf #

summary-address

48
Q

What’s unique about OSPF stub areas?

A

They do not allow type 5 LSAs

49
Q

When and where would you use ‘default-information originate’?

A

Whenever you want to direct traffic to the internet through an ASBR.

50
Q

What is unique about totally stub areas?

A

They do not allow type 3 LSAs

51
Q

What is unique about NSSAs?

A

They do not allow type 5 LSAs

CCNP (8 decks)

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