OSPEs Flashcards
Loose connective tissue
Adipose tissue
Bone
- main structural unit = Haversian system
Tight junction (EM)
Desmosome
Learn them things
Simple columnar epithelium
- tall columnar cells with basal nuclei
- single cell layer
- elongated nuclei
- SI + stomach
Goblet cells
- secretion of mucous
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Polygonal shape cells
- Central round nuclei
- Collecting tubules of kidney
- Salivary gland
- Pancreas
Simple tubular gland
Transitional epithelium
- X = umbrella sells
- prevents leaking of urine
- Bladder, ureter
A = pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
B = Stratified column epithelium
Differentiation: cilia are never present on just stratified epithelium
X = cilia
A = smooth muscle
B = Cardiac muscle
- smooth muscles are spindle shaped + unbranched [bladder wall]
- cardiac muscles are short cylindrical shaped + branched [heart]
X = nucleus
Y = intercalated disc
Machine for cryostat sectioning
- preservation of cell density and tissue architecture
Microtome
- slices the paraffin embedded specimen so light can go through
Compound light microscope
Stains used:
- hematoxylin
- eosin (H&E stain)
A = telocentric
B = arcocentric
C = submetacentric
D = metacentric
1 = centromere
2 = P arm
3 = Q arm
A = Down syndrome / trisomy 21
- presence of 3 copies of 21st chromosome
- epicanthic eye fold
- protruding tongue
- small ears
- B = Turner’s syndrome
- C = Klinefelter’s syndrome
Karyographs
C = monozygotic twinning ( from A)
- resemble each other
- always have same sex
- similar genetic constitution
A = prophase
B = anaphase
C = metaphase
D = telophase
1 = mesoderm
2 = notochord
3 = ectoderm
4 = endoderm
A = polydactyly
B = syndactyly
C = ectrodactyly
A = amelia (complete absence of limb)
B = meromelia
I) Down’s syndrome (trisomy in 21st chromosome)
II) Patau syndrome (trisomy in 13th chromosome)
II) Edward syndrome (trisomy in 18th chromosome)
Spina bifida
- abnormal closure of neural folds in the 3rd and 4th weeks of development
- folic acid deficiency
Brown adipose tissue
Endothelium
(Simple squamous)
Lung tissue (lining alveoli)
[Simple squamous]
Bowman’s capsule of nephron
[simple squamous]
DCT & PCT of nephron
- PCT has microvilli
[simple cuboidal]
Thyroid follicles
[Simple cuboidal]
Duodenum (w/ microvilli & goblet cells)
[Simple columnar]
Skin (keratinising)
[Stratified squamous]
Oesophagus (non-keratinising)
[stratified squamous]
Parotid gland
[stratified columnar/cuboidal]
Simple tubular
- fundus of stomach
- glands of colon
Simple branched tubular
- pylorus of stomach
Simple coiled tubular
- sweat glands
Simple acinar
- penile urethra
Simple branched acinar
- sebaceous glands
Compound branched tubular
- brunner’s glands (duodenum)
Compound tubuloacinar
- prostate, salivary
Compound acinar
- pancreas, mammary gland
Parotid gland
Sublingual gland
Submandibular gland