OSPEs Flashcards

1
Q
A

Loose connective tissue

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2
Q
A

Adipose tissue

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3
Q
A

Bone

  • main structural unit = Haversian system
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4
Q
A

Tight junction (EM)

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5
Q
A

Desmosome

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6
Q
A

Learn them things

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7
Q
A

Simple columnar epithelium

  • tall columnar cells with basal nuclei
  • single cell layer
  • elongated nuclei
  • SI + stomach
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8
Q
A

Goblet cells
- secretion of mucous

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9
Q
A

Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Polygonal shape cells
- Central round nuclei

  • Collecting tubules of kidney
  • Salivary gland
  • Pancreas
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10
Q
A

Simple tubular gland

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11
Q
A

Transitional epithelium
- X = umbrella sells
- prevents leaking of urine

  • Bladder, ureter
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12
Q
A

A = pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
B = Stratified column epithelium

Differentiation: cilia are never present on just stratified epithelium

X = cilia

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13
Q
A

A = smooth muscle
B = Cardiac muscle
- smooth muscles are spindle shaped + unbranched [bladder wall]
- cardiac muscles are short cylindrical shaped + branched [heart]

X = nucleus
Y = intercalated disc

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14
Q
A

Machine for cryostat sectioning
- preservation of cell density and tissue architecture

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15
Q
A

Microtome
- slices the paraffin embedded specimen so light can go through

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16
Q
A

Compound light microscope

Stains used:
- hematoxylin
- eosin (H&E stain)

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17
Q
A

A = telocentric
B = arcocentric
C = submetacentric
D = metacentric

1 = centromere
2 = P arm
3 = Q arm

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18
Q
A

A = Down syndrome / trisomy 21
- presence of 3 copies of 21st chromosome
- epicanthic eye fold
- protruding tongue
- small ears

  • B = Turner’s syndrome
  • C = Klinefelter’s syndrome

Karyographs

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19
Q
A

C = monozygotic twinning ( from A)

  • resemble each other
  • always have same sex
  • similar genetic constitution
20
Q
A

A = prophase
B = anaphase
C = metaphase
D = telophase

21
Q
A

1 = mesoderm
2 = notochord
3 = ectoderm
4 = endoderm

22
Q
A

A = polydactyly
B = syndactyly
C = ectrodactyly

23
Q
A

A = amelia (complete absence of limb)
B = meromelia

24
Q
A

I) Down’s syndrome (trisomy in 21st chromosome)
II) Patau syndrome (trisomy in 13th chromosome)
II) Edward syndrome (trisomy in 18th chromosome)

25
Q
A

Spina bifida

  • abnormal closure of neural folds in the 3rd and 4th weeks of development
  • folic acid deficiency
26
Q
A

Brown adipose tissue

27
Q
A

Endothelium
(Simple squamous)

28
Q
A

Lung tissue (lining alveoli)
[Simple squamous]

29
Q
A

Bowman’s capsule of nephron
[simple squamous]

30
Q
A

DCT & PCT of nephron

  • PCT has microvilli
    [simple cuboidal]
31
Q
A

Thyroid follicles
[Simple cuboidal]

32
Q
A

Duodenum (w/ microvilli & goblet cells)
[Simple columnar]

33
Q
A

Skin (keratinising)
[Stratified squamous]

34
Q
A

Oesophagus (non-keratinising)
[stratified squamous]

35
Q
A

Parotid gland
[stratified columnar/cuboidal]

36
Q
A

Simple tubular

  • fundus of stomach
  • glands of colon
37
Q
A

Simple branched tubular
- pylorus of stomach

38
Q
A

Simple coiled tubular
- sweat glands

39
Q
A

Simple acinar
- penile urethra

40
Q
A

Simple branched acinar
- sebaceous glands

41
Q
A

Compound branched tubular
- brunner’s glands (duodenum)

42
Q
A

Compound tubuloacinar
- prostate, salivary

43
Q
A

Compound acinar
- pancreas, mammary gland

44
Q
A

Parotid gland

45
Q
A

Sublingual gland

46
Q
A

Submandibular gland