Osmotic Diuretics, Action, Adverse Effects, Nursing Implications, Routes of Administration, Examples Flashcards
What is the primary action of osmotic diuretics?
Osmotic diuretics primarily increase osmolarity in the renal tubules, leading to increased urine output.
True or False: Osmotic diuretics are used to treat hypertension.
False: Osmotic diuretics are primarily used to reduce intracranial pressure and treat conditions like acute kidney injury.
Fill in the blank: The most common osmotic diuretic is __________.
mannitol
What are the common routes of administration for osmotic diuretics?
Osmotic diuretics are commonly administered intravenously.
List one adverse effect of osmotic diuretics.
Potential adverse effects include dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following conditions is NOT treated with osmotic diuretics? A) Cerebral edema B) Acute renal failure C) Hypertension
C) Hypertension
What nursing implication should be considered when administering osmotic diuretics?
Monitor for signs of fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances.
True or False: Osmotic diuretics can cause renal failure in certain patients.
True
Fill in the blank: Osmotic diuretics work by __________ water retention in the renal tubules.
inhibiting
What is the mechanism of action of mannitol?
Mannitol increases the osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate, preventing water reabsorption.
Name one contraindication for the use of osmotic diuretics.
Anuria or severe renal impairment.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of osmotic diuretics? A) Hyperkalemia B) Hypotension C) Constipation
B) Hypotension
What should be monitored in patients receiving osmotic diuretics?
Monitor serum electrolytes and renal function.
Fill in the blank: Osmotic diuretics are primarily used in cases of __________ pressure.
increased intracranial
True or False: Osmotic diuretics can be given orally.
False: They are typically administered intravenously.
What is the effect of osmotic diuretics on urine output?
They significantly increase urine output.
Multiple Choice: Which condition is mannitol commonly used to treat? A) Glaucoma B) Heart failure C) Allergic reactions
A) Glaucoma
What should be assessed before administering osmotic diuretics?
Assess fluid status and renal function.
Fill in the blank: Osmotic diuretics can lead to __________ if used in excess.
dehydration
True or False: Osmotic diuretics have a quick onset of action.
True
What type of patients should be monitored closely when receiving osmotic diuretics?
Patients with renal impairment or heart failure.
Name a clinical use of osmotic diuretics besides intracranial pressure reduction.
Treatment of acute renal failure.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of osmotic diuretics? A) They increase urine osmolarity B) They are effective in treating hypertension C) They promote diuresis
B) They are effective in treating hypertension
What is a key consideration when discontinuing osmotic diuretics?
Gradual reduction may be necessary to prevent rebound fluid retention.
