Osmosis across selectively permeable membranes. Osmotic pressure. Colloid osmotic pressure. Osmolarity and tonicity.

Question 1

osmosis across selectively permeable membranes - points

Answer 1

concentration gradient
osmotic pressure
partially permeable

Question 2

concentration gradient

Answer 2

Question 3

osmotic pressure

Answer 3

Question 4

selective permeability

Answer 4

Question 5

tonicity - definition

Answer 5

Question 6

hypertonic solution

Answer 6

Question 7

hypotonic solution

Answer 7

Question 8

isotonic solution

Answer 8

Question 9

osmolarity - points

Answer 9

definition
calculation
types
functions
examples

Question 10

osmolarity - definition

Answer 10

number of osmoles of solute found in solution

osmoles = osmotically active particles

expressed in Osm/L

Question 11

osmolarity - calculation

Answer 11

n = number of particles the solute dissociates into

C = molar conc of solution

Question 12

osmolarity - types

Answer 12

electrolytes
- do dissociate into solution
- e.g. NaCl 1mol/L dissociates into Na+ and Cl- forming 2Osm/L

non-electrolytes
- do not dissociate into solution
- e.g. glucose 1mol/L remains as glucose staying as 1Osm/L

Question 13

osmolarity - function 1

Answer 13

regulates fluid movement between intracellular-extracellular environment

Question 14

osmolarity - function 2

Answer 14

determinant of osmotic pressure

Question 15

osmolarity - function 3

Answer 15

renal system

Question 16

osmolarity - function 4

Answer 16

maintains cell shapes

Question 17

colloid osmotic pressure points

Answer 17

definition
function
mechanism

Question 18

colloid osmotic pressure - definition

Answer 18

also called oncotic pressure

is the pressure released by proteins in the blood that functions to lure in water from intersistial space into blood vessels

Question 19

colloid osmotic pressure - functions

Answer 19

functions to keep fluid inside the blood vessels

it must counteract hydrostatic pressure which functions to lure fluid out of blood vessels + into surrounding tissues leading to accumulation of TF = edema

aids transport of waste products out of cell by helping filtration + facilitated diffusion

Question 20

colloid osmotic pressure - mechanism

Answer 20

arterial end of capillaries
- hydrostatic pressure > colloid osmotic pressure
- fluid is pushed into outside tissue space

venous end of capillaries
- colloid osmotic pressure > hydrostatic pressure
- fluid is pushed back into blood vessels
- achieved by albumin (most abundant plasma protein)