osmosis Flashcards
what is water potential?
a measure of the tendency of water molecules to diffuse from one region to another.
why do solute molecules that dissociate into charged ions exert more effect on the relative number of water molecules
as they dissociate into two separate ions the number of particles in the solution doubles
what happens when solute molecules are added to water
they lower the water potential of the solution
what happens when the water potential is the same on both sides?
there is no net movement of water
what are the units for water potential?
kPa
what is cytolysis?
when an animal cell swells and bursts with the addition of water
what is turgidity?
when the plant cell swells as it cant burst because of the cell wall
what is it when the cell is crenated
when animal cells shrivel up
what does the cell being plasmolysed mean?
when a plant cell shrinks and the membrane pulls away from the cell wall making them dehydrated
endocytosis
the bulk transport of molecules into a cell
exocytosis
the bulk transport of molecules outside of a cell
how do carrier proteins act as enzymes?
they have specific regions that combine with only certain solutes or ions
they also have a region where ATP binds
how does ATP help with active transport
the energy enables the carrier proteins to change shape
what is phagoendocytosis
the intake of solid matter
what is pino(endo)cytosis
the intake of liquids
