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Network+ > OSI-Network-Cloud > Flashcards

OSI-Network-Cloud Flashcards

1
Q

OSI Model

A

Open systems interconnection reference model

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2
Q

Name the 7 layers of the OSI model from layer 1 to layer 7

A
  1. Physical
  2. Data Link
  3. Network
  4. Transport
  5. Session
  6. Presentation
  7. Application
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3
Q

From Application to Physical, whats a good sentence to remeber them all

A

All People Seem To Need Data Processing

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4
Q

Name some physicals

A

cabels, security guard, etc…

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5
Q

Data link Layer

A

MAC address layer, the foundation of communication at the data link layer
Extended Unique Identifiers (EUI-48)
- Switch

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6
Q

Media Access Control

A

In layer 2
- Hardward address of the wifi-adapter card

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7
Q

Network layer

A

The routing layer, how to transfer data, the internet protocol layer
- IP Address
- Router
- Packet

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8
Q

Transport Layer

A

Transfer data from one side to another
- TCP/UDP datagram

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9
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control protocol

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10
Q

UDP

A

User Datagram protocol

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11
Q

Session Layer

A

Communication management between devices
- Start stop restart
-Control protocols, tunneling protocols

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12
Q

Presentation Layer

A

Character Encoding, getting the pieces ready for the user
Application Encryption and decryption (combined with application layer)
- Application encryption (SSL/TLS)

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13
Q

Application Layer

A

The layer the user sees
HTTP/FTP
- Your eyes

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14
Q

Router

A

Take data at one IP to another IP
- Layer 3 device
- Layer 2 are the switches
LAN/WAN/copper/fiber

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15
Q

Switch

A

MAC address layer (layer 2)

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16
Q

ASIC

A

Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- briding between hardware

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17
Q

PoE

A

Power over etherent
(Sometimes your ethernet can both provide power and network connection)

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18
Q

Traditional firewall

A
  • Filter traffic by port number or application
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19
Q

NGFW

A

Next-gen firewall
- Identifiy applications through the network to allow/deny
- Encrypt traffic between sites with a VPn

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20
Q

What layer is firewalls normally at?

A

Layer 3
- sites on ingree/egree of the network
(In and out)
Firewall deals with this

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21
Q

NAT

A

Network Address Translation
- used by firewalls
- allows multipled private IPs to be used together to access things like the internet through a public IP

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22
Q

Dynamic Routing

A

Networks automatically route the best IPs for best connectivitiy

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23
Q

IDS

A

Intrusion Detection System

24
Q

IPS

A

Intrusion Prevention System

25
Q

Load-balancer

A

Distribute the load of the network across multiple servers

26
Q

TCP offload

A

Load-balancers can give protocol overhead, optimize the connection

27
Q

SSL offload

A

Load-balancers can offer Encryption/decryption to the connection

28
Q

Cacheing

A

Load-balancers can cache common requests for fast response

29
Q

Prioritization

A

Load-balancers that can prioritze different connections

30
Q

Content switching

A

Load-balances can see which servers might have already loaded what the connection wants so will send that to that particular server

31
Q

Proxies Servers

A

-Allows users to access a proxy server to prevent users from accessing the main server (for security reasons)
-On the user’s behalf, fulfills the request
- good place for caching

32
Q

NAS

A

Network Attached Storage
- connect to the shared storage device across the network
- file level access (user request a file then sends it back)

33
Q

SAN

A

Storage area network
- Looks and feels liek a local storage device
- Block-level acess
- Very efficient for reading/writing

34
Q

AP

A

Access point
Not a wireless point
- a wireless router that is both a router and an access point in a single device
- used for wireless communication
- holds an ethernet connection (layer2)

35
Q

Wireless LAN controller

A

Centralized management of access poitns
- Can deploy new access points
- Configure and deploy changes to all sites
- Contain reports on each access point
- Proprietary System (Created by the same manufacturer)

36
Q

CDN

A

Content delivery network
- Set up in geographic areas to get data from one place to another
- cache data in these data sites

37
Q

VPN

A

Virtual Private Network
- secure way to transfer data

38
Q

VPN’s Concentrator/head-end

A

integrated into a firewall (NGFW) where a piece of hardware allows the VPN to encrypt/decrypt access device

39
Q

QoS

A

Quality of Service
- Priotize different services
Ex. Discord might priotize video/audio QoS
- Priotize apps

40
Q

TTL

A

Time to live (a timer)
- repeititve tasks that might go on forever will have a stop point after a certain amount of time/iterations

41
Q

Routing loop

A

Routes where the it will go in a loop until it reaches a TTL
- each time it reaches a location, it reduces the TTL by 1 until it reaches 0 and stops the loop

42
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol

43
Q

Mac/linux’s TTL

A

64 hops

44
Q

Window’s TTL

A

128 hops

45
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System
- Transfer’s human readable domain names like www.google.com into machine readable IPs

46
Q

Elasticity

A

Scale up or down as needed

47
Q

Multitenancy (cloud)

A

Many users are using the same cloud infrastructure

48
Q

NFV

A

Network function virtualization
- replace physical network devices with the cloud
- managed with hypervisors
- alllows us to instantly deploy what we want

49
Q

Hypervisors

A

fireware/software/hardware that runs a VM

50
Q

VPC

A

Virtual Private Cloud
- Pool of resources created in a public cloud
- many different applications

51
Q

VPC’s transit gateway

A

used to centralize the VPCs
= a cloud router
- use a VPN connetion to access the cloud from your device

52
Q

VPC Internet Gateway

A

Gateway to the internet
- employees can access it from anywhere in the world

53
Q

VPC Nat Gateway

A

Network Address Translation
- private cloud subnets connect to external resources
- external resources cannot access the private cloud

54
Q

VPC Endpoint

A

used to connect a private VM to the cloud storage

55
Q

Security Groups and Lists

A

Protocols and configurations that you can add to VM/VPC to decide what it is allowed to recieve and export
- inbound/outbound rules

56
Q

NSG

A

Network secuirty group
- assigns security rules to different security groups

Network+ (3 decks)

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