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Network > OSI > Flashcards

OSI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the seven layers of OSI model?

A

Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical

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2
Q

What runs in Application Layer?

A

Network applications for file transfer, web surfing, emails and virtual terminals

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3
Q

Protocol for file transfer

A

FTP

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4
Q

Protocol for web surfing

A

HTTP/S

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5
Q

Protocol for emails

A

SMTP

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6
Q

Protocol for virtual terminals

A

Telnet

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7
Q

What is the Presentation Layer responsible for?

A

Translation, Data Compression, Encryption

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8
Q

What is SSL?

A

Secure Socket Layer

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9
Q

What is Session Layer responsible for?

A

Authentication, Authorization, Session Management

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10
Q

What type of data runs in Session Layer?

A

Data Packets

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11
Q

What is Transport Layer responsible for?

A

Segmentation, Flow Control, Error Control, Connection and Connectionless Transactions

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12
Q

What is the difference between UDP and TCP?

A

UDP does not give feedback, hence is faster than TCP. However, it is less reliable.

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13
Q

How can TCP recover lost/corrupted data?

A

By using the checksum methods to find corrupted data and by checking the sequence number to find lost segments

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14
Q

What layers run on the web browser?

A

Application, Presentation and Session

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15
Q

What type of data runs in Transport Layer?

A

Segments

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16
Q

What information does a segment has?

A

Port number and sequence number

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17
Q

What for are port numbers used in a segment?

A

It helps to direct each segment to the correct application

18
Q

What for are segment numbers used in a segment?

A

It helps to disassemble segments in the correct order to form the correct message at the receiver

19
Q

What happens in flow control in transport layer?

A

The amount of data being transmitted is controlled (bandwidth)

20
Q

What happens in error control in transport layer?

A

Loss and corrupted data are retransmitted by using automatic repeated requests schemes

21
Q

What is checksum?

A

A group of bits added to each segment by the transport layer to find out the received corrupted segment

22
Q

What protocols run on transport layer?

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

23
Q

Where is UDP used?

A

Where data loss does not matter. VoIP apps, Video, Music, Games, DNS, TFTP

24
Q

Where is TCP used?

A

Where full data is necessary. WWW, Emails, FTP

25
Q

What does network layer do?

A

Transmits data segments from one computer to another in different networks

26
Q

What is Network Layer responsible for?

A

Logical Addressing (IPv4 & IPv6 + Mask), Routing, Path Determination

27
Q

How are data units called in Network Layer?

A

Packets

28
Q

How is a IP Packet formed?

A

Network layer assigns the IP number of source and destination to a segment

29
Q

What is routing?

A

Method of moving a data packet from source to destination and it is based on the logical IP format of IPv4 or IPv6

30
Q

How does the masking work in Network Layer?

A

It masks the IP where the numbers masked by 255 represent the network address and the number masked by 0 represents the computer ID inside a local network

31
Q

What is path determination

A

Is choosing the best possible path for data delivery from source to destination

32
Q

What protocols can determine the best path for data delivery?

A

OSPF: open shortest path first, BGP: border gateway protocol, IS-IS: intermediate system to intermediate system

33
Q

What are the types of addressing?

A

Logical addressing (network layer - assigning IPs to segment to form data packets) & Physical addressing (data link layer - MAC addresses are assigned to each segment to form a frame)

34
Q

Where and how is a data frame formed?

A

At data link layer. MAC1 + MAC2 + IP1 + IP2 + Segment + Tail

35
Q

Where and how is a data packet formed?

A

At network layer. IP1 + IP2 + Segment

36
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

A 12-digit alphanumeric number embedded in the network interface card (NIC) of a computer

37
Q

How are data units called in data link layer?

A

Frame

38
Q

Where is data link layer located and what does it do?

A

The data link layer is a software embedded int the network card of a computer and provide means to transfer data from one computer to another via local media

39
Q

What are the functions of data link layer?

A

Access the media (framing) and control how data is placed and received from the media (media access control and error detection)

40
Q

What is CSMA?

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access. It controls when the media will be accessed on data link layer to avoid conflicts when multiple computers on the same network send/receive data at the same time

41
Q

What is the tail of each contained of and responsible for?

A

It contains bit to detect errors in the received frame

42
Q

How does the physical layer work?

A

it transforms the bits (frames) received from data link layer into signals to transmit over local media (electrical signals - coper cable, light signal - optical fiber, radio signal - wi-fi)

Network (4 decks)

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