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PT Interventions I > OSHA - Midterm > Flashcards

OSHA - Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

hand hygiene

A

soap and water, hand sanitizer

in order for hand sanitizer to be effective must be at least 60% alc.

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2
Q

what is hand sanitizer not effective against

A

C-Diff spores

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3
Q

CDC isolation guidelines

A

2 tiers

1- standard precautions

2-transmission based precautions

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4
Q

tier 2: transmission based precautions

A

airborne transmission

droplet transmission

contact transmission

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5
Q

airborne transmission

A

viral, bacterial, fungal

must be fit tested for N-95 respiratory masks

prevent transmission of infectious agents that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air

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6
Q

droplet transmission

A

prevent transmission of pathogens through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact w/ respiratory secretions

pathogens do not remain infectious over long distances –> respirator not necessary

ex: meningitis, Flu, pneumonia, rubella, mumps

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7
Q

contact transmission

A

Ex: C-diff, E-coli, MRSA, VE

used to interrupt person-person transmission of infectious organisms by direct or indirect contact

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8
Q

PPE

A

personal protective equipment

gloves

jumpsuit

eye shield

face mask

caps

booties

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9
Q

order of putting on PPE (donning)

A

inspect PPE

hand hygiene

gown

mask

goggles

gloves

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10
Q

order of taking off PPE (doffing)

A

gloves

gown

goggles

mask (from back)

hand hygiene

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11
Q

blood born pathogens standard

A

designed to eliminate employees exposure to human blood or OPIM

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12
Q

what is OPIM

A

any bodily fluid visibly contaminated w/ blood

semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, CSF, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid

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13
Q

how can blood born pathogens spread

A

can spread through 3 types of fluid

blood, semen, vaginal secretions

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14
Q

serious BBP

A

hepatitis B virus

hepatitis C virus

HIV

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15
Q

whats the best way to prevent serious BBP

A

hand washing

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16
Q

does exposure always mean infection

A

no

17
Q

what does the risk of BBP depend on

A

whether pathogens are present and number present

type of injury or exposure

current health/immunization history

18
Q

Hep B Disease

A

transmitted by OPIM/blood

more easily transmitted than HIV

12 week incubation period

30% of infected do not show symptoms

HBV vaccine is the best protection (95% effective, crucial for those who frequently deal with blood and those w/ suppressed immune)

blood test needed (may not indicate shortly after infection)

19
Q

what are the causes of Hep B

A

acute hepatitis

chronic hepatitis infection (can be infectious for decades)

20
Q

how does hep b spread

A

Injection

Mucous Membrane

Sexual Activity
● Mother&raquo_space; Fetus

Contaminated Environment (At room temp HBV can be present in dry fluid for several days)

21
Q

Hep C Disease

A

Spread via Blood

Incubation can last 7 weeks

3.5 million people in the US have chronic HCV infection

41,200 people with acute

Considered SILENT EPIDEMIC because symptoms can lay dormant for years

blood test needed to diagnose

22
Q

how does hep b spread

A

Injection

Mucous Membrane

Sexual Activity
● Mother&raquo_space; Fetus

Contaminated Environment (At room temp HBV can be present in dry fluid for several days)

23
Q

how does hep c spread

A

Drug infections with contaminated needles

Unclean tattoos

Mother&raquo_space; Fetus

Rarely through sexual activity

Contact with infected sharp

24
Q

symptoms of hep b and c

A

liver damage/cancer

cirrhosis

25
Q

HIV

A

One million people positive in US

1⁄4 unaware

Eventually Fatal

No vaccine

Blood Test needed (Result positive 12 weeks after exposure)

Prevention of Change to AIDS is Critical

26
Q

how is HIV spread

A

blood

semen

vaginal secretions

breast milk

OPIM if blood present

27
Q

MRSA

A

generally start as swollen, painful red bumps

resistant to antibiotics

28
Q

OSHA standards

A

provide PPE

provide training

clean, repair and replace equipment

29
Q

PPE disposal

A

designated disposal containers

proper disposal

30
Q

standard precautions

A

handle all blood and OPIM as it is contaminated

31
Q

tuberculosis

A

mainly affects lungs (can effect spine, brain, kidneys)

many with Tb are not sick or contagious

TB is contagious though

32
Q

Tb spreads through

A

inhaling pathogens (can live outside of body for 1.5 hours, can lay dormant in person for years)

33
Q

TB testing

A

mantoux test (skin test)

blood test

34
Q

Flu

A

prevented by hand and respiratory hygiene (vaccination)

seasonal and a pandemic

dehydration is a major factor (rest and fluids for those infected)

PT Interventions I (15 decks)

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