Oscillations Flashcards
Hooke’s Law
F = -kx
What does minus sign in Hooke’s law mean?
force is restoring force (want to go back to equilibrium)
Name of max displacement
Amplitude
What energy does stretched/compressed spring store?
elastic potential energy
Spring potential energy formula
Us = 1/2 * k* (x^2)
K + Us = constant bc Conservation of Mechanical Energy
when x = A, K=0 and Us is max
when x = 0, K is max and Us = 0
Max spring potential energy formula
Us(max) = 1/2k(A^2)
Us max = K max
just know to find max speed!
Kinetic energy formula
1/2m(v^2)
relationship between period and frequency
T = sec/cycle
f = cycle/sec (Hz)
so,
T=1/f
f=1/T
Period in SMH
time from one amplitude to other other amplitude and back
Period formulas for SMH
T = 2pi sq(m/k)
frequency formula for SMH
f = 1/2pi sq(k/m)
Dynamics of oscillations when x= +/- A
Magnitude of Restoring Force
Magnitude of acceleration
U spring
K block
v block
max
max
max
0
0
Dynamics of oscillations when x=0
Magnitude of Restoring Force
Magnitude of acceleration
U spring
K block
v block
0
0
0
max
max
Spring force formula for vertical spring
k = mg/d
d=displacement
Restoring force for Pendulum
F = mgsin0
Frequency formula for pendulum
f= 1/2pi sq(g/L)
Period formula for pendulum
T = 2pi sq(L/g)
w =
2pi/T
vmax =
Aw
amax =
(Aw)^2
