OSCE Review Questions Flashcards
Roughly how far away should you stand from the dog to assess the tapetal reflex?
~5-6 feet
You will examine the eyes in a dimly lit room with a light source ~5-6 feet away from the dog. Please note that your body/eyes may have to be lower than the dog’s eyes to get a tapetal reflex
What is the normal temperature range in a canine patient?
100.4˚ - 102.2˚ F
(up to 104˚ with excitement)
What is the normal temperature range in a feline patient?
101.3˚ - 102.2˚ F
(up to 104˚ with excitement)
What is the normal pulse range in a canine patient?
60 - 120 bpm
What is the normal pulse range in a feline patient?
120 - 180 bpm
(up to 220 with stress in the clinic)
What is the normal respiratory rate in a canine patient?
10-30/minute
What is the normal respiratory rate in a feline patient?
20-40/minute
What lymph nodes are palpated between the thumb and index finger above the point of the shoulder in the dog?
Superficial Cervical (Prescapular)
They drain the skin and subcutis of the caudal regions of the head including the ear, the skin, and the subcutis of the thorax, thoracic limb, and the muscles of the neck and shoulders
What heart sound in the dog results from the closure of the AV valves? Where is this sound best heard?
S1 sound
Best heard over the site of the apical beat
The _________ lymph node is palpated on the caudal surface of the gastrocnemius muscle
popliteal
In the dog, a Schirmer Tear Test (STT) result less than __________ is considered abnormal, and indicates decreased tear production
In the dog, a Schirmer Tear Test (STT) result <15 mm/min is considered abnormal, and indicates decreased tear production
Unequal pupil size is termed:
Anisocoria
This can be detected by comparison of the tapetal reflection from each eye with either distant direct or indirect ophthamloscopy
What is the normal rectal temperature range for the sheep?
102.0˚ - 104.0˚ F
What is the normal rumination rate for sheep?
~2/minute
What is the normal pulse rate for sheep?
70-90/minute
What is the normal respiration rate for sheep?
12-20/minute
If a sheep has 2 pairs of permanent incisors, what age would you estimate for the sheep?
~2 years
If a sheep has 4 pairs of permanent incisors, what age would you estimate for the sheep?
~4 years
How many heart sounds are normally heard in the sheep?
Two
S1 and S2. Heart sounds are best heard in the axilla between the 2nd and 6th rib
What is the normal temperature in an equine adult?
99˚ - 101˚ F
What is the normal heart rate in an equine adult?
25 - 45 bpm
What is the normal respiratory rate in an equine adult?
8-20 breaths/min
What structure would you auscultate in the left ventral quadrant of the equine abdomen during a normal physical examination?
large colon
What structure would you auscultate in the right dorsal quadrant of the equine abdomen during a normal physical examination?
cecum
What structure would you auscultate in the left dorsal quadrant of the equine abdomen during a normal physical examination?
small intestine and small colon
What structure would you auscultate in the right ventral quadrant of the equine abdomen during a normal physical examination?
large colon
In the equine physical exam, ~how much time should you spend auscultating the right dorsal quadrant of the abdomen?
~2 minutes
A minimum of 2 minutes should be spent before making a judgement on the motility in the right dorsal quadrant (cecum). This is because the cecum has a regular rate of a few contractions per minute (so 2-3 contractions every 1-2 minutes)
Purkinje reflection evaluation in the equine is a crude assessment of:
the anterior chamber of the eye
What the hell is that?
corpora nigrans
dorsal and occasionally ventral proliferations of the iris into the pupil
Name the paranasal sinus indicated by the red star:
Frontal sinus
The equine maxillary sinus is divided into __________ and __________ compartments
The equine maxillary sinus is divided into rostral and caudal compartments
What is the most common physiologic arrhythmia in the horse?
Mobitz I 2nd degree AV block
If you’re properly auscultating the mitral valve in a horse, and you move your stethoscope 1 rib space forward and slightly more dorsal, what valve will you be auscultating?
aortic valve
Where would you place your stethoscope to auscultate the tricuspid valve in the horse?
4th intercostal space on the right thorax
What is the normal shape of the submandibular lymph nodes in a horse?
circular to mildly ovoid
In left recurrent laryngeal hemiplegia in horses, the __________ muscle is paralyzed
dorsal cricoarytenoid
What are we looking at here in the nares of the horse?
nasolacrimal duct opening
Locate the approximate location of the transverse facial artery:
Locate the approximate location of the facial artery:
Skin tenting in the horse is typically evaluated over the neck area to assess dehydration.
In young horses and those who you deem to have somewhat “loose” skin, what is another acceptable location?
upper eyelid
How many pairs of ribs are present in horses?
18
What artery is this person palpating to read a pulse in the horse?
Great metatarsal artery
What artery is this person palpating to read a pulse in the horse?
median artery
What cranial nerves are tested by the menace response?
CN II and VII
What cranial nerves are tested with the palpebral reflex in the dog?
CN V (sensation) and VII (closure of eyelid)
Dilation of the pupil of the eye is termed:
Mydriasis
Name the lymph node normally palpated during an ovine PE located in the area of the red star:
Submandibular Lymph Node
Name the lymph node normally palpated during an ovine PE located in the area of the red star:
Pre-scapular Lymph Node
Name the lymph node normally palpated during an ovine PE located in the area of the red star:
Pre-femoral Lymph Node
