OSCE Examinations Flashcards

1
Q

Name four signs you may see on the LL of someone with charcot-marie tooth disease?

A

High arch foot
Inverted champagne bottle calves
Muscle wasting (and other LMN signs)
Sensory deficit

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2
Q

What tuning fork for hearing tests?

A

512hz for Rinne

512hz/ 256hx for Weber

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3
Q

What are the components of a peripheral venous exam?

A

(All general intro/ inspection)
- Scars, venous eczema, lipodermatosclerosis
- Full ulcer inspection (venous ulcers often around medial malleolous)
Palpate varicosities (temp, check pain etc)
Check pulses for art supply
Trendelenburg tourniquet test
- To complete do doppler of veins to r/o DVT + peripheral arterial + ABPI as needs normal for compression stocking

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4
Q

How do you determine between great and small saphenous vein?

A

Great saphernous = Medial side of leg

Small saphernous = Lateral

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5
Q

How do you perform trendelenburg test?

A

Lie patient flat
Lift leg up and milk veins
Place tourniquet on sapherofemoral junction (2-3cm lateral and below pubic tuburcle)
Ask patient to stand
- If veins fill = defect is inferior to tourniquet
- If veins don’t fill = defect it as or superior to tourniquet

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6
Q

How should Rombergs test be interpreted?

A

Positive result = Get’s worse on closing eyes

  • Positive = Sensory ataxia
  • Negative (doesn’t change) = Cerebellar ataxia
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7
Q

Give 3 indications for a lobectomy?

A

Malignancy
Abcess
TB
Inflammation

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8
Q

DDx sternotomy scar?

A

CABG

Valve replacement

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9
Q

A patient has bilateral fine inspiratory crackles and reduced breath sounds on the lower right hand side? Differential?

A
Pulmonary oedema (fine inspiratory crackles)
- Pleural effusion (reduced breath sounds at lower right, if it was crackles could be consolidation)
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10
Q

How do you distinguish between arterial and venous ulcers?

A

Arterial - Painful, punched out, well defined, on pressure points
Venous- No pain, shallow, sloughy, medial malleolus

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11
Q

Components of diabetic foot exam?

A
Gait
Inspection (ulcers, art/ venous skin changes)
Palpation (temp, cap refil, pulses)
Sensation (monofilament, vibration)
Proprioception 
- Check footwear
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12
Q

Differential diagnosis bilateral lower limb weakness?

A

Guillian barre (LMN)
Transverse myelitis (UMN)
Compression spinal cord (disc, tumour etc)
Cauda equina syndrome
Stroke (where the nerves decussate for bilateral)
Non-neurological

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13
Q

Unilateral weakness of one limb, ddx?

A

Stroke (UMN)
Peripheral nerve lesion (LMN)
NMJ disorder

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14
Q

Unilateral facial weakness ddx?

A

Stroke (UMN - contralateral)

Bells - Ipsilateral

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15
Q

What should you always do when you see an ECG or CXR in an OSCE?

A

Ask for another to compare

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