OSCE Flashcards
Dose of loperamide
2 capsules immediately, then 1 capsule after each loose bowel movement
What is the maximum does of loperamide
No more than 6 capsules in 24 hours
Lifestyle advice for a person who has diarrhoea?
Tell them to drink plenty of water containing salt and sugar - oral rehydration sachets are available should take 1 sachet and dissolve into a glass of cold water and drink it after each loose bowel movement.
Red flags for diarrohea
Blood in vomit or stool
No improvement after 48 hours
Severe abdominal pain
Side effects of taking loperamide
Headaches
Nausea
Constipation
What is gaviscon used for?
Heartburn
Dose of gaviscon for adult
5 to 10ml after meals and at bedtime
Lifestyle advice for people with heartburn
Avoid spicy/rich foods, eat smaller portions of food
Red flags for heartburn
Conditions worsen
Pain radiation down into left arm
Blood/vomit in stool
How long does gaviscon take to work?
30 minutes
Dose for esomeprazole
1 capsule once a day, swallow hole with water for a maximum of 14 days
Side effects for esomeprazole
Headaches, diarrhoea, constipation
What is esomeprazole used for?
Acid reflux
Lifestyle advice for acid reflux
Eat smaller portions of food
Avoid smoking - smoking cessation therapy is available
Avoid spicy foods
Red flags for acid reflux
Conditions worsen
Pain radiating down left arm/jaw
No improvement
Side effects for esomeprazole
Dizziness, irregular heartbeat
How long does esomeprazole take to work?
At least 1-2 days
Dose of paracetamol for pain?
2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours when required
No more than 8 tablets a day
Lifestyle advice for people who have pain in ankle?
Rest for 1-2 days
Add ice to reduce swelling
Compression bandages can also reduce swelling
Keep the ankle elevated where possible
Red flags for pain in ankle?
Unable to weight bare
Bone tenderness
No improvement after 1 week
What is sumatriptan used for?
Migraines
Dose for sumatriptan
Take one tablet immediately after initial attack, if pain goes away and then comes back you can take another tablet
A second tablet should not be taken if there is no relief after taking the first tablet
Do not take more than 2 tablets in 24 hours
Swallow hole with water
Medicine might make u sleepy so avoid driving, operating machinery
Lifestyle advice for people who have migraines?
Regular exercise daily - at least 1-2 hours a day e.g brisk walk
Minimise stress levels
Avoid caffeine - definitely no more than 4 cups of coffee a day
Red flags for people with migraines
Altered level of consciousness
Conditions worsen
What triggers migraines
Stress, bright lights, loud noises
What is the treatment for ulcers
Bonjela
Dose for bonjela
1cm of gel every 24 hours
Should apply after food as it’s likely to rub off
Can advise paracetamol for pain relief
Lifestyle advice for ulcers
Avoid spicy/acidic foods
Avoid cold drinks
Use soft toothbrush
Red flags for ulcers
No improvement after 3 weeks
If products do not help
Becoming systematically unwell
Can acyclovir be used for ulcers
No - it can only be used for cold sores
