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COM OSI > OS Midterm > Flashcards

OS Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Words to describe acute SD

A 
Erythematous
Hot
Bogginess
Edema
Spasm
Tissue contraction
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2
Q

Words to describe chronic SD

A 
Pale/blanching
Cool
Ropey
Stringy
Scar
Doughy
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3
Q

Physiologic barrier

A

End of active range of motion

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4
Q

Anatomic barrier

A

End of passive range of motion

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5
Q

Elastic range

A

Range between physiologic and anatomic barrier

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6
Q

Restrictive barrier

A

Functional limit that abnormally diminishes normal physiologic range

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7
Q

OMT contraindications include

A

NO somatic dysfunction present
Patient does not consent
Inappropriate clinical situation

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8
Q

Avoiding post OMT symptoms

A

History and physical exam
Appropriate choice of technique
Appropriate application of technique
Hydration and rest

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9
Q

Mesomorphic body type

A

Muscular/sturdy body build- the average guy
Mid-ranges of ROM
Characterized by relative prominence of structure developed from embryonic mesoderm

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10
Q

Ectomorphic body type

A

Thin body build, long linear frame
Tend to have higher ROM
Characterized by relative prominence of structures developed from embryonic ectoderm

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11
Q

Endomorphic body type

A

Heavy/fat body build, obese
Tend to have lower ROM
Characterized by relative prominence of structures developed from embryonic endoderm

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12
Q

Yellow skin

A

Jaundice, may indicate cirrhosis

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13
Q

Blue skin

A

Cyanosis, may indicate reaction to cold, Reynauds disease

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14
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Children with this disease may exhibit bluish skin during episodes of crying or feeding

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15
Q

Anterior view landmarks

A 
Acromion, angles of clavicles
Umbilicus
Angle of rib cage
Greater trochanter levels
Medial/lateral malleoli
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16
Q

Posterior view landmarks

A

Carriage of the head
Should level- scapular spine/angle
Arm carriage
Gluteal line

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17
Q

Ratcheting quality in ROM

A

Parkinsons disease

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18
Q

Exhibiting resistance to the motion induced

A

Cerebral palsy

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19
Q

Abrupt end feel

A

Osteoarthritis or hinge joint

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20
Q

Empty end feel

A

Patient doesn’t allow the motion due to pain

Vascular dysfunction has this feel

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21
Q

Crisp end feel

A

Involuntary muscle guarding as in pinched nerve

Neural dysfunction

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22
Q

Which spine level displays greatest ROM

A

Cervical

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23
Q

Osteogenesis imperfect

A

Blue sclera

Multiple fractures

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24
Q

Ehler-Danlos syndrome

A

Collagen dysfunction
Joint hypermobility
Stretchy skin

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25
Q

Alport syndrome

A

Deafness

Kidney dysfunction

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26
Q

Menkes disease

A

Kinky hair, growth failure, deterioration of nervous system

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27
Q

Breighton criteria major criteria

A

Breighton score of >4

Arthralgia for longer than 3 months in 4 or more joints

28
Q

Breighton score minor criteria

A

Breighton score of 1-3
Arthralgia >3 months in 1-3 joints or back pain for >3 months
Spondylosis or any variation
Dislocation or subluxation in more than one joint
Skin striae
Tall/slim frame, arachnodactyly

29
Q

Requirement for Ehrler-Danlos syndrome

A

Two major
One major two minor
Four minor
Two minor and unequivocally affected first degree relative

30
Q

Inversion ankle sprain

A 
Accounts for 85% of ankle sprains
Anterior talofibular (ATF- Always Tears First)
Calcaneofibular
Posterior talofibular
Swelling, tenderness, ecchymosis
31
Q

High ankle sprain

A

Caused by ankle eversion and rotation (some dorsiflexion)
Anterior inferior tibiofibular
Syndesmosis
Pain more common on medial aspect w/minimal swelling
Pain worse with weight bearing

32
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A

Inflammation of origin of plantar aponeurosis
Worse with first steps, improves through day
Point tenderness of calcaneus
Pain with passive dorsiflexion

33
Q

Mortons neuroma

A

Inflammation/thickening of tissue that surrounds the nerve between toes (most common b/w 3rd/4th)
Patients reports feeling like walking on a marble
Palpable in web space which will replicate burning pain
Can have radiation of pain, numbness of toes
Positive Mulders sign test

34
Q

Turf toe

A

Inflammation and pain at base of 1st MTP

Caused by hyperextension of big toe causing damage to joint capsule

35
Q

Achilles tendonitis

A

Inflammation of achilles tendon
Sharp heel pain, stiffness at mid achilles
Pain worse with strenuous exercise, better with walking

36
Q

Diabetic neuropathy

A

Loss of vibratory sensation, impaired pain, light touch and temperature sensations
Monofilament test is positive (can you feel it)

37
Q

Gout

A

Monosodium urate crystals in joint space of first MTP usually
Swollen, tender, erythematous joint

38
Q

Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

Osteochondritis of tibial tubercle
Caused by repetitive strain and chronic avulsion of ossification center of tibial tubercle, leading to separation of proximal patella tendon insertion from tubercle
Frequently seen in children 10-15 in sports
Swelling of tibial tubercle with anterior knee pain that increases over time
Pain reproduced by extending knee against resistance

39
Q

Ankle radiographs are indicated for patients who have

A

Pain in the malleolar zone and bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the lateral medial malleolus
Or unable to bear weight both immediately after the injury and for four steps in the ER

40
Q

Foot radiographs are indicated for

A

Patients who have bone tenderness at the base of the fifth metatarsal or navicular and pain in the midfoot zone
Or unable to bear weight both immediately after the injury and for four steps in the ER

41
Q

Where do you palpate for Ottawa ankle rules

A

Distal 6cm of the posterior edge of the fibula to assess for bone tenderness

42
Q

What are the five osteopathic models

A 
Biomechanical
Behavioral
Neurologic
Metabolic/energetic/immune
Respiratory/circulatory
Can all be influenced by the musculoskeletal system
43
Q

Stress vs strain

A

Stress- force that attempts to deform

Strain- percentage of deformation

44
Q

Hysteresis

A

Energy lost from the difference b/w loading and unloading characteristics

45
Q

Bind

A

A palpable restriction of CT mobility

46
Q

Wolffs law

A

Bone will develop according to the underlying stresses placed upon it

47
Q

Hookes law

A

The strain placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress placed upon it

48
Q

Sherringtons law

A

When a muscle receives an impulse to contract, its antagonist does too

49
Q

Pannicular fascia

A

Outermost layer of fascia from somatic mesenchyme

50
Q

Axial and appendicular fascia

A

Investing layer, surrounds all muscles and periosteum of bones

51
Q

Meningeal fascia

A

Surrounds the nervous system, includes dura

52
Q

Visceral fascia

A

Surrounds the body cavities

53
Q

What provides for the mobility and stability of the MSK system

A

Fascia

54
Q

C/sensory fibers

A

Unmyelinated, small diameter, low conduction velocity

55
Q

Relative contraindications for soft tissue OMT

A

Acute injuries

Severe osteoporosis

56
Q

Absolute contraindications for soft tissue OMT

A 
Fracture/dislocation
Neurologic entrapment syndromes
Serious vascular compromise
Local malignancy
Local infection
Bleeding disorders
57
Q

Stretch vs knead

A

Stretch- parallel traction

Knead- perpendicular traction

58
Q

Isokinetic contraction

A

Concentric contraction in which the joint is at a constant rate/speed
i.e. keeping the same RPMs on a bike while changing resistance

59
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

Concentric or eccentric contraction against a steady but yielding counterforce allowing a constant tone
i.e. dumbbells

60
Q

Isolytic contraction

A

A type of eccentric contraction in which the muscle concentric contraction is overpowered by a stronger counterforce leading to lengthening of the muscle

61
Q

Isometric contraction

A

The distance b/w the origin and the insertion of the muscle is maintained at a constant length
i.e. wall squats

62
Q

Crossed extensor reflex goal

A

Used in extremities where the muscle that requires treatment is in an area so severely injured (fractures or burns) that it cannot be manipulated or is inaccessible
-uses contralateral side

63
Q

Isokinetic strengthening goal

A

To reestablish normal tone and strength in a muscle weakened by reflex hypertonicity of the opposing muscle group

64
Q

Muscle energy contraindications

A

Local fracture/dislocation
Moderate to severe segmental instability in cervical spine
Evocation of neurologic symptoms or signs on rotation of the neck
Low vitality
Possibly post surgery patient
Post myocardial infarction
Recent eye surgery

65
Q

Recommended minutes doing moderate intensity aerobic activity weekly

A

150 minutes for adults

2 days a week strengthening muscles

66
Q

Children recommendations for activity

A

60 minutes per day with moderate activity

3 days per week with vigorous intensity aerobic activity, muscle strengthening and bone strengthening

67
Q

Trendelenburg sign

A

Patient stands on one leg
With normal abductor strength, pelvis will stay level
With abductor weakness, pelvis will tilt towards unsupported side

COM OSI (2 decks)

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