Orthostatic Hypotension and AD Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common timeframe for when patient’s experience autonomic dysreflexia

A

Within 1 year of injury

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2
Q

At what level of lesion can patients not regulate and maintain body temperature

A

T8 and above

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3
Q

What 2 complications are SCI patients with lesion above T8 at risk for?

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Autonomic dysreflexia

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4
Q

Mechanism of orthostatic hypotension in SCI patients

A

Aortic and carotid baroreceptors sense a decrease in BP, however sympathetic efferent pathways are interrupted in SCI and brainstem is unable to send message to increase BP = hypotension

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5
Q

How much of an increase in BP occurs in autonomic dysreflexia?

A

20-40 mmHg above reference range

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6
Q

3 main pharmacologic treatments for autonomic dysreflexia

A
  1. Nitropaste
  2. Clonidine
  3. Nifedipine
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7
Q

What level of SCI do you have impaired vs absent sympathetic innervation to the heart

A

≥T6 lesions = impaired

≥ T1 lesions = absent

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8
Q

First aspect of treatment in autonomic dysreflexia

A

Sit the patient upright

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9
Q

What 2 oral medications can be used for orthostatic hypotension

A

Midodrine (alpha-1 agonist)

Florinef (mineralocorticoid)

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10
Q

What do vital signs show if someone is in autonomic dysreflexia

A

HTN and bradycardia

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11
Q

At what point do you administer medications for autonomic dysreflexia

A

If BP > 150

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12
Q

How do you prevent autonomic dysreflexia during labor?

A

Spinal anesthesia

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13
Q

How long after injury can patients experience autonomic dysreflexia?

A

2-4 weeks post-injury

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