Orthoptics Flashcards

1
Q

What is binocular vision

A

Brains ability to perceive an image with each eye as a single image

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2
Q

Two different types of squint

A

Manifest: one eye is normal and the other is deviated in another direction
LAtent: normal eyes however one eye has a tendency to deviate

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3
Q

What happens to binocular vision in a squint

A

Have diplopia
However children are adaptable and they suppress one image so only see one image

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4
Q

What is amblyopia

A

Reduction of vision in one eye
Due to a lack of stimulation during the critical period of visual development
Due tp: stimulus deprivation (e.g. ptosis and cataracts), strabismus (lazy eye), anisometropic (difference in acuity in two eyes and the one with the better acuity develops amblyopia)

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5
Q

Management of amblyopia

A

Reversed if treated before <7yo
Occlusion of the ‘good eye’ by a patch so they are forced to use the amblyopic eye

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6
Q

Management of squints

A

-Correct refractive error
Convex lenses: help convergent deviations
Concave lenses: help divergent deviations
-Surgery

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7
Q

What is concomitant strabismus

A

A squint that remains the same in all positions of gaze

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8
Q

What is inconstant strabismus

A

A squint that changes in different positions of gaze
Due to an EO muscle imbalance

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9
Q

Action of Superior rectus muscle

A

Elevation, intorsion, adduction

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10
Q

Action of inferior rectus

A

Depression, extorsion, adduction

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11
Q

Action of superior oblique

A

Intorsion, depression, abduction

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12
Q

Action of inferior oblique

A

extorsion, elevation, abduction

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13
Q

How does myasthenia graves present

A

Ptosis

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