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NMS 2 > Orthopedic Tests NMS II > Flashcards

Orthopedic Tests NMS II Flashcards

1
Q

Adam’s Position

A

Pt. Flexes at waist puts hand in prayer position reaches to floor

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2
Q

Amoss Sign

A

Pt. rises from side position to upright and uses upper body strength

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3
Q

Beevor’s Sign

A

pt. does abdominal crunch THEN a leg lift

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4
Q

Chest Expansion

A

Dr. Measures around patients chest at 4th intercostal, pt. exhales and inhales maximally

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5
Q

Forestier Bowstring

A

Observe ROM on pt. laterally bending from side to side

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6
Q

Rib Motion

A

Doctor places both hand on pt’s chest at sternocostal angle while pt. is supine. both above and below breast, observe motion of ribs

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7
Q

Schepelmann’s Sign

A

pt. seated arms extended over head and laterally bends to Lt and Rt

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8
Q

Antalgia Sign

A

Antalgic lean

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9
Q

Straight Leg Raiser (SLR)

A

raise straight leg off of table until pain is made or increased, note angle

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10
Q

Bragard’s Sign

A

+Straight Leg Raiser test, lower leg 5º then dorsiflex foot

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11
Q

Sicard’s Sign

A

NAME?

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12
Q

Seated Straight Leg Raiser

A

sit w/ straight back extend knee, if no pain Dr. applies downward pressure just above knee and pt. lifts LEG off of table

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13
Q

Slump Test

A

Pt. seated w/ back maximally slumped, DORSIFLEX then extend knee

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14
Q

$ “Well Leg Raiser”

A

Perform SLR on Asymptomatic side

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15
Q

Fajerstajn’s

A

+CSLR, lower leg 5º and dorsiflex foot (same as Bragards)

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16
Q

Cox Sign

A

During SLR pt. raises ipsilateral hip.

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17
Q

Ely’s Test

A

prone pt. doctor will touch heel of foot to opposite butt cheek

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18
Q

Femoral Nerve Traction Test

A

pt. lying on unaffected side bottom leg straight, top leg bent at knee, extend thigh back on affected side.

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19
Q

Heel Toe Walking Test

A

Pt. is told to walk on heels

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20
Q

Kemps Test

A

GOLD STANDARD

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21
Q

Lasegue Test

A

pt. supine dr. flexes hip and knee to 90º then extends the leg

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22
Q

Lindner’s Sign

A

pt. seated/supine flexes pt. chin to chest

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23
Q

Milgram’s Test

A

pt. lying, hold feet 6” off table hold 30s

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24
Q

Minor’s Sign

A

pt. uses upper body to move from seated to standin, same as Amos but sitting

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25
Q

Nachlas test

A

Pt. prone, dr. touches heel off foot to same butt cheek

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26
Q

Quick Test

A

pt. support, then does 5 deep squats with bouncing at bottom

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27
Q

Bilateral Leg Lowering Test

A

pt. supine flex hips to 90º lower the legs and stop at about 45º

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28
Q

Belt Test

A

Pt. bends to touch toes, then Dr. braces pt’s hips and sacrum pt. bends forward again > 1st part pain, 2nd part NO pain > SI; > pain both parts > L

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29
Q

Erichsen Test GOLD STANDARD

A

pt. prone, dr. compresses join by pushing PSIS (fixing EX)> Pain SI joint > SI issue

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30
Q

Gaenslen’s

A

pt. supine, dr brings unaffected knee up to chest, then hyperextends affected leg>SI pain or radiating pain to thigh or groin > SI sprain/instability

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31
Q

Goldthwait/Smith Peterson Test

A

pt. supine, dr. palpates L5 and S1 and elevates affected leg> pain before L5 S1 separation > SI problem> pain after L5 S1 separation > L problem

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32
Q

Hibb’s

A

pt. prone, flexed knee 90º push foot laterally stabilize opposite sacrum> pain > SI lesion

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33
Q

Iliac Compression Test

A

pt. on unaffected side, dr. compresses iliac crest on affected side into table> Pain > sprain of post. SI lig. SI inflammation, sublux.

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34
Q

Lewin Gaenslen

A

pt. lies on unaffected side pulls unaffected knee to chest. Dr. hyperextends affected thigh> pain or tightness > SI sprain or arthritis

35
Q

Yeoman’s

A

pt. prone, dr. pushes on sacrum and lifts flexed knee off of table> pain > SI joint lesion (ant. lig.)> tightness > Femoral nr. irritation, iliopsoas. rectus femoris irritation

36
Q

Anterior Innominate Test

A

pt. puts unaffected 2-3 feet forward til back foot comes up.> pain > lxn of pain is SI or L pain

37
Q

Actual Leg Length

A

Pt. supine measure from ASIS to medial malleolus > 6mm difference > hip joint or long bone deficiency

38
Q

Apparent Leg Length

A

pt. supine, measure from umbilicus to medial malleolus > 6 mm difference > Spinal or Pelvic sublx.

39
Q

Allis’ Sign/Galeazzi’s Sign

A

Pt. Supine with Knees and hips flexed o_^, observe from foot of the table, then side of table > height difference > femoral leg discrepancy (acetabular protrusion, hip dislxn, hip fx, tibial height(inferior view), femur height(lateral view))

40
Q

Anvil Test

A

pt. supine, elevate straight leg then hit bottom of foot with fist > pain anywhere from heel to hip > calcaneous, tibia, fibula fx. (heel pain); arthritis, femoral neck fx, infection (hip pain)

41
Q

Gauvain’s Sign

A

pt. affected side up, place one hand on abdominal muscles, grasp leg above ankles, abduct it and then internally, and externally rotate it. > contraction of ab muscles, pain in hip, referred pain to groin or ant. thigh > AVN, TB (before adolescence), fx, gout, OA

42
Q

Hip Telescoping Test

A

pt. supine, dr. flexes hip and knee on affected side to 90º, wrap around grasp calf and thigh, grasp by hip, then push femur into table and distract from table > too much joint play, or palpable click > hip dislxn or hip dysplasia (Meditteranean, Scandinavian women)

43
Q

Patrick’s/Patrick-Fabere(Flexion ABduction, External Rotation, Extension)

A

pt. supine, dr. on unaffected side, cross legs in figure 4 position dr. stabilizes ASIS on side he’s on then apply downward pressure on knee on affected side > pain, inability to perform > DJD, OA, RA, SCFE, AVN FX, Strain/Sprain

44
Q

Ober’s Test

A

pt. lie with affected side up, dr. behind abduct, and extend thigh (keep knee at 90º), slide hand up to pelvis allowing knee to drop. > stays abducted painful, drops with spastic clonus > Iliotibial Contraction*position = hurts,

45
Q

Thomas Test

A

pt. supine pt. pulls unaffected knee to chest while keeping other leg straight, dr. finishes pushing on unaffected leg. > L spine keeps lordosis, inability to keep opposite thigh flat > flexion contracture, shortening of iliopsoas

46
Q

Trendelnburg’s Test

A

Pt. stands on affected leg and lifts unaffected leg off of ground. Dr. observes pelvis. > high hip on standing leg, low hip on lifted leg > paralysis of hip abductors (glut. medius), hip dysplasia, *congenital hip dislxn, glut paralysis/weakness, glut inhibition from pain in hip, glut insufficiency from coxa vara (135º coxa valga)

47
Q

Ortolani’s Test

A

INFANT lies supine, dr. grasps thighs at lesser trochanter, flex and abduct thighs bilaterally. > click or clunk > congenital femoral dislxn or instability

48
Q

Abduction (Valgus) Stress Test

A

pt. supine on edge of table w/ leg straight. Dr. stabilizes medial ankle and pushes L-M at knee > pain or incr. motion/gapping > MCL strain/rupture

49
Q

Adduction (Varus) Stress test

A

pt. supine on edge of table w/ leg straight. Dr. stabilizes lateral ankle and pushes M-L at knee > pain or incr. motion/gapping > LCL strain/rupture

50
Q

Apley’s Compression Test/Apley’s distraction/Apley’s Grinding

A

pt. prone. Dr. rotates foot medially or laterally then flexes knee to 90º and pushes down, then does distraction >pain > meniscal tear (heel points to which side)

51
Q

Patella Ballottement Test

A

pt. supine w/ leg straight. Dr. pushes down on patella and moves it lateral and medial palpating motion, and boggy sensation. May percuss also > slow to return to position, increased movement, feels spongy > retropatellar effusion, intraarticular knee swelling

52
Q

Bounce Home TestAGGRESSIVE TEST

A

pt. supine. dr lifts leg and bends knee to 20º then allows knee to drop into full extension > pain, inability, spongy end feel > meniscal tear

53
Q

Clarke’s Sign

A

pt supine, dr applies S-I pressure on TOP of patella, pt. contracts quad > retropatellar pain, grinding > chondromalacia patella, degeneration of patellofemoral joint

54
Q

McMurray Sign$ Golden Arches MM $

A

pt supine hip and knee flexed to 90º. Dr. stabilizes knee and grips heel, then rotates tibia externally while applying varus stress and extending leg. Repeated with internal rotation and valgus stress. >pain, crepitus/clicking > medial/lateral meniscus tear (heal points to which)

55
Q

Lateral Pivot Shift Maneuver/Mcintosh Test

A

pt supine w/ hips @ 20º and knee flexed to 5º. Dr applies internal rotation, valgus stress, and flexes knee > feels like knee will pop out/give > ACL tear

56
Q

Lachman Test

A

same as Drawer, knee flexed to 25-30º Dr. holds femur down as he lifts Tibia >pain w/ or w/o increased ACL translation, infrapatellar slope loss, mushy end feel > sprain/rupture of ACL, w/ normal translation Strain Grade 1, w/ increased translation Rupture Grade 2,3

57
Q

Drawer Test

A

pt. supine knee flexed to 90º. Dr sits on pt’s foot and pulls tibia anteriorly then pushes it posterior. > pain w/ or w/o increased ACL or PCL translation > ACL/PCL sprain, pain w/ normal translation-Sprain, pain w/ increased translation-Rupture

58
Q

Q-Angle Test

A

pt stands. draw line from ASIS to midpoint patella, and from tibial tuberosity through midpoint of patella. measure angle between lines 18º-patellofemoral dysfunction, patella valgum

59
Q

Posterior Drawer Sign

A

pt. supine/seated. one hand behind tibia, one hand on ant. calcaneous, push foot post. > excess post. translation > post. talofib lig. instability

60
Q

Calf Circumference Test

A

measure calf at widest point ~4” below patella. > increased/decreased diameter side to side > acute compartment synd./atrophy

61
Q

Claudication Test

A

pt. walks/toe raises for one minute dr. times when pt. has pain >muscle weakness, cramp, color change > vascular claudication, atherosclerosis

62
Q

Homan’s Sign”Ho position”

A

pt. supine. raise leg to 45* squeeze calf and quickly dorsiflex foot >persistent achy, or short dull calf pain >DVT gastroc soleus strain.

63
Q

Moses Test

A

Pt. prone. flex knee to 90* and squeeze calf quickly >persistent achy, or short deep calf pain >ARTERIOSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS (diabetes), DVT, strain

64
Q

Thompson’s Test

A

Pt. prone. flex knee to 90* and squeeze calf quickly >No plantar flexion, pain >RUPTURED ACHILLES TENDON, DVT, Strain

65
Q

Duchenne’s Sign”touched up like a douche on the bottom of the foot”

A

apply upward force to head of 1st metatarsal against resistance >roll/inversion of the foot upon attempted plantar flexion > superficial peroneal nerve, L4-S1 lesion (FIBULARIS LONGUS paralysis)

66
Q

Helbing’s Sign

A

Pt. stands dr. looks at achilles >Medial curve of achilles > overpronation from Cerebral Palsy, Obesity

67
Q

Morton’s Test

A

squeeze the foot around metatarsal heads > pain btwn bone/in bone > Mortons neuroma btwn 2,3,4 metatarsals (3,4 MC)/Arthritis, stress Fx, metatarsalgia

68
Q

Strunsky’s Sign”Strun the toes”

A

rapidly flex the pt’s toes several times >pain >metatarsalgia or OA

69
Q

Tinel’s Foot Sign

A

tap posterior aspect of medial metatarsal >pain, paresthesia in arch, toe, or heel >Tarsal Tunnel syndrome (post. tibial, medial plantar, deep peroneal).

70
Q

Anterior Drawer Sign

A

pt. seated or supine. place one hand on ant. tibia, one hand behind calcaneous. pull ant. > excess ant. translation > ant. Talofib lig. instability

71
Q

Lasegue Rebound Test

A

Following a positive SLR the DR. Suddenly drops the pt’s leg. > sciatica, disc, mm spasm.

72
Q

Turyn’s sign

A

Pt supine, dorsiflex the big toe>Sciatica

73
Q

Leg lowering Test

A

Pt. Supine. Dr. Brings pt’s legs up to 90º and asks them to lower them slowly>LBP>sciatica

74
Q

Double leg raise test AKA bilateral SLR

A

Perform SLR on each side noting the degree of pain and then raises both legs noting the degree of pain > pain occurs sooner with both legs raise > lumbosacral joint lesion.

75
Q

Bowstring Sign

A

Dr. Performs a SLR to the point of pain. The knee is flexed slightly and then placed over the Dr’s shoulder, digital pressure is applied to the posterior thigh and then popliteal fossa > Lumbar pain, radiculopathy > Sciatica

76
Q

Bonnett’s Sign

A

Pt. Supine dr on affected side. Dr. internally rotates, adducts leg and performs SLR > Radicular pain > Piriformis syndrome

77
Q

Prone Hyperextension test

A

Pt. prone Dr. Stabilizes Lumbosacral area. Dr. Lifts leg into hyperextension while keeping the knee extended > localized L pain with anterior thigh pain > L3, L4 lesion.

78
Q

Laguere test (patrick Fabere in the air)

A

Pt. Supine. Dr. Flexes abducts and laterally rotates hip. Apply pressure on opposite ASIS and downward pressure on the knee > hip pain > hip lesion

79
Q

Neri’s sign

A

Pt. Leans forward at the waist > knees buckle > tight hamstrings

80
Q

Noble Compression test

A

Dr. Places leg in 90/90 position, apply pressure to distal lateral femur and extend the knee > pain > TFL contracture

81
Q

Magnusson’s test

A

Ask pt. To point to pain area. Mark with pencil, return later and ask them to point to it again. If they point to different spot> LIAR aka MALINGERER

82
Q

Lewin Supine test

A

Pt. Supine dr holds ankles to table. Pt asked to sit up w/o using hands > unable >AS

83
Q

Sternal compression test

A

Dr applies downward pressure on sternum with pt supine > pain localized at lateral rib border > Fx ribs

NMS 2 (3 decks)

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