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Adult Perspectives Test 2 > Orthopedic Conditions > Flashcards

Orthopedic Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of shoulder injury is?

A

FOOSH

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2
Q

Osteoporosis ration for Women to men is

A

2:1

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3
Q

Shoulder injuries for the Younger Population is typically due to ____ and typically have _____

A

a high-velocity injury

greater displacement

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4
Q

Name 3 locations of Shoulder Fractures

A
  • Humeral Head
  • Proximal/Humeral Neck
  • Humeral Shaft
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5
Q

Fractur of the Humeral Shaft can lead to

A
  • Risk for radial Nerve injury
  • Leading to radial Nerve palsy
  • Decreased ability to extend elbow, wrist, and fingers
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6
Q

Frozen shoulder is also called _____

A

adhesive capsulitis

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7
Q

Avascular necrosis –

A

disrupted flow of blood leads to degeneration of bone. The blood to the humeral head is supplied by the anterior circumflex artery

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8
Q

The blood to the humeral head is supplied by the?

A

anterior circumflex artery

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9
Q

Myositis ossificans- Muscle calcifies and starts to more resemble ______

A

connective tissue

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10
Q

CRPS is caused by

A

over-reaction of the sympathetic nervous system

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11
Q

Elbow fractures can cause _____ injury

A

Peripheral Nerve Injury

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12
Q

Volkmann’s Ischemia

A

edema develops within the connective tissue of the elbow. This puts a lot of pressure on nerves and blood vessels. This is life threatening.

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13
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles of the shoulder provide stability to the __ joint with movement

A

GH

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14
Q

Function of the supraspinatus

A

Initiator of abduction (Most susceptible to injury due to location-usually from repetitive motions)

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15
Q

Function of infrapsinatus

A

external rotator

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16
Q

Function of teres minor

A

External rotation

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17
Q

Function of the subscapularis

A

Internal Rotation

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18
Q

Shoulder impingement syndrome is caused by compression of the structures found in the ____

A

subacromial space

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19
Q

What are the structures in the subacromial space?

A

Supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, long head of biceps, joint capsule

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20
Q

Can you have tendonitis without Impingement?

A

Yes

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21
Q

Chief complaint with RTC and Biceps tendonitis will be?

A

Pain with movements above 90 degrees of flexion

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22
Q

Bursitis is Inflammation of the

A

subacromial bursa

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23
Q

Bursitis typically coexists with

A

shoulder impingement

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24
Q

Calcific Tendonitis Most commonly occurs where?

A

Supraspinatus & Infraspinatus

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25
Q

What is the most common torn RTC Tendon?

A

Supraspinatus

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26
Q

Minor RTC Tear size – • Medium Tear –
• Large Tear –
• Massive Tear –

A

less than 1 cm

27
Q

Medium RTC Tear size

A

1cm – 3 cm

28
Q

Large RTC Tear size

A

3 cm to 5 cm

29
Q

Massive RTC Tear size

A

Greater than 5 cm

30
Q

Symptoms of RTC tear –

A
  • Pain over the top of the shoulder
  • Radiating pain down lateral upper arm
  • Weakness and difficulty/pain lifting arm overhead (flexion) and out to side (abduction)
  • Difficulty and pain with lifting
  • Usually audible popping
  • Positive DROP ARM test for Supraspinatus T.
31
Q

A ___ test for surpaspinatus T is a sign of a RTC tear

A

DROP ARM

32
Q

Proximally, biceps Tendon Tears are usually on which head of the biceps?

A

LONG HEAD

33
Q

Proximally, bicep tendon tears are due to?

A

overstretching arm overhead, lifting something heavy, overuse and fraying of the tendon

34
Q

Distal bicep tendon tears are usually due to?

A

Elbow forcibly bent with a heavy load, mostly with heavy lifting

35
Q

What are the three phases of adhesive capsulitis?

A
  • Freezing –Losing ROM, becoming painful
  • Frozen – Maximal loss of motion, most painful, difficult to use the shoulder, impaired sleep, can be a long lasting phase.
  • Thawing – Starting to regain ROM, sleeping better, things are starting to heal.
36
Q

TUBS acronym stands for

A

Traumatic Unilateral lesion with Bankart lesion (anterior glenoid labrum) and usually requiring surgery

37
Q

AMBRI acronym stands for

A

Atraumatic, Multidirectional, frequently Bilateral, responds to Rehabilitation and rarely requires an Inferior capsular

38
Q

Traumatic instability is usually caused by a?

A

significant injury

39
Q

95% of traumatic instability is

A

Anterior

40
Q

5% of traumatic instability is

A

Posterior

41
Q

Risk factors for laxity

A
  • Age - the younger the patient the greater the likelihood of the joint becoming unstable
  • The severity of the first dislocation
  • Limited or no Immobilization of the joint after the first dislocation
  • Detachment of the anterior glenoid labrum (Bankart lesion) increases the rate of recurrence
  • Defect on the posterolateral surface of the humeral head (Hill- Sachs lesion) which increases the instability
42
Q

After a TSA (Total Shoulder Arthoplasty,) which motions should be avoided?

A

Abduction and ER

43
Q

Common causes of hip fractures

A

Common cause is a fall, MVA, or a sudden rotational force

44
Q

Which room of the house is the most common for falls to occur?

A

Bathroom

45
Q

Can a physiological fracture occur?

A

YES

46
Q

Most common hip fracture is a?

A

intertrochanteric Fracture

47
Q

Intertrochanteric fractures are more common in adults over __ years of age and more common in ___

A

50; women.

48
Q

Hip Fractures account for ___ of all fractures in people over the age of __

A

90%; 70

49
Q

With femoral Head Fractures, there is an Increased risk of?

A

avascular necrosis

50
Q

What two vessels provide vascular Supply to the Femur

A

Artery of ligamentum teres (supplies capsule) and deep femoral arteries supply the femoral head.

51
Q

Anterior Hip replacement movement precautions are

A

no external rotation, no extension. May not have hip precautions

52
Q

Posterior Hip replacement movement precautions are

A

no internal rotation, no flexion above 90 degrees, no adduction.

53
Q

Resurfacing of the hip is also called

A

Birmingham hip

54
Q

Weight bearing precautions for cemented hip replacements

A

Dependent on Physician but usually can WBTT (Weight-bearing to tolerance). Usually good for elderly, less active people and people with osteoporosis

55
Q

Weight-bearing precautions for Non-Cemented Hip replacements

A

Porous stem to allow natural bone to grow and attach to the prosthesis will be NWB for up to 2-3 months

56
Q

Indications are that __ hips last longer than ____

A

non-cemented

cemented

57
Q

Non-Weight Bearing - (NWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device-

A

0% Walker or crutches

58
Q

Touchdown Weight Bearing (TTWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

A
  • 10-15% - Walker or crutches
59
Q

Partial Weight Bearing (PWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

A

¬- 30% - Walker or crutches

60
Q

50% Weight Bearing % of body weight and ambulatory device

A
  • 50%- Cane
61
Q

Full Weight Bearing (FWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

A

75-100% - Cane or no device

62
Q

In a partial Knee replacement, the ___ or ____ compartment of the knee is replaced

A

Medial or Lateral

63
Q

Indications for knee replacement are?

A

painful joints that restrict motion or restrict functional performance

Adult Perspectives Test 2 (4 decks)

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