Orthopaedics Crash Course Flashcards
B
Lachmans test
ACL tears occur following …
Pivoting or valgus forces
Occur during sport, classically football, basketball + skiing
Optimal imaging modality for ACL diagnosis
MRI
ACL tear management
Can be managed surgically (repair/recon) or conservatively (physio)
Perthes disease vs SCFE
NOF - description of limb
Shortened and externally rotated
What is it?
Right intra-capsular NOF fracture
Proximal femur consists of …
Hip fracture location
AVN=
A vascular necrosis
Medial and lateral circumflex to femoral head
C
Garden’s classification
Intra-capsular fractures - 1,2 …
3,4 ….
1,2 SCREW
3,4 Hemi/THR
For displaced intra-capsular fractures, THR is offered to those appropriately mobile, fit for anaesthetic and not cognitively impaired
Garden I + II
Internal fixation
Small risk of AVN and non union
Garden III+ IV
Hemi/THR
High risk of AVN and non union
Extra-capsular fractures
Left = dynamic screw
Right = IM nail
Blood supply isnt affected
Always … if swollen knee, limited ROM and infection markers
Joint aspiration!
Think septic arthritis
Most common cause of septic arthritis in the adult population?
Staph aureus
Management of septic arthritis
Joint drainage and culture-guided antibiotics
Ankle X rays series - what rules can be used to help determine which patients require these?
Ottawa rules
Ottawa ankle rules
Weber
ABC Weber classification
A = walking boot B = may keep an eye on it and fix later C = requires fixation
Maisonneuve fracture
Examine above and below joint!
DVT and PE in ankle fractures
X ray of wrist - outstretched hand
Colle’s fracture - extra-articular distal radius fracture with dorsal angulation, commonly following a fall on outstretched hand
Management of this fracture?
Dependent on fracture pattern, stability and patient based factors
Conservative vs surgical
