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Module 7 > Orthodontics > Flashcards

Orthodontics Flashcards

1
Q

how do we assess symmetry?

A

line of fifths
birds eye view
worms eye view

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2
Q

what are the landmarks for facial thirds to assess facial thirds?

A

glabella
subnasale
soft tissue chin

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3
Q

what does it mean when FMPA meets behind occiput?

A

reduced FMPA

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4
Q

what does it mean when FMPA meets ahead of occiput?

A

increased FMPA

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5
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class I skeletal pattern?

A

orthognathic

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6
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class II skeletal pattern?

A

maxilla forward
mandible back
combination of both

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7
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class III skeletal pattern?

A

maxilla back
mandible forward
combination of both

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8
Q

what could increase the nasolabial angle?

A

proclined uppers
protruded maxilla

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9
Q

what could decrease the nasolabial angle?

A

retruded maxilla
retroclined incisors

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10
Q

what are the classifications for crowding?

A

mild - 0-4mm
moderate - 4-8mm
severe - >8mm

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11
Q

what can cause a midline diastema?

A

frenal attachment
racial predilection
supernumerary - mesiodens
odontome, cysts
habits

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12
Q

what are causes for generalised spacing?

A

missing teeth
microdontia
jaw size-tooth size discrepancy
perio problems
macroglossia

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13
Q

describe class I incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edges occlude on or lie below the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors

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14
Q

describe class II div 1 incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edge occludes behind the cingulum plateau of upper incisor
upper incisors normally inclined or proclined

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15
Q

describe class II div 2 incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edges occlude behind the cingulum plateau of upper incisors
upper incisors retroclined

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16
Q

describe class III incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edge occlude anterior to the cingulum plateau of upper incisors

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17
Q

describe class I molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes with MB cusp of upper 6

18
Q

describe class II molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes posterior to MB cusp of upper 6

19
Q

describe class III molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes anterior to MB cusp of upper 6

20
Q

describe the canine relationships

A

class 1 - upper distal to lower but touching
class 2 half unit- edge to edge
class 2 full unit - upper mesial to lower
class 3 - upper distal to lower not touching

21
Q

what age should you palpate for canines?

A

9-11

22
Q

what are the risk factors for impacted canines?

A

family history
females>males
class ii div 2
hypodontia/microdontia

23
Q

what % of impacted canines improve after XLA of C’s

A

78%

24
Q

when would you take xrays for ortho?

A

locate unerupted teeth
pathology
root morphology
assess skeletal pattern
monitor tx changes

25
Q

what is the nasion?

A

most anterior point of fronto nasal suture in median plane

26
Q

where is point A?

A

deepest midline concavity of anterior maxilla

27
Q

where is the PNS?

A

tip of posterior nasal spine

28
Q

where is point B?

A

the deepest concavity on the mandibular symphysis

29
Q

where is the pogonion?

A

most anterior point of mandibular symphysis

30
Q

where is the menton?

A

most inferior point on mandibular symphysis

31
Q

where is the gonion?

A

the constructed point of intersection of the tangents of the ramus plane and the mandibular plane

32
Q

what does an increased SNA angle indicate?

A

prognathic maxilla (>82 degrees)

33
Q

what does an decreased SNA angle indicate?

A

retrognathic maxilla (<82 degrees)

34
Q

what does an increased SNB angle indicate?

A

prognathic mandible (>80 degrees)

35
Q

what does a decreased SNB angle indicate?

A

retrognathic mandible (<80 degrees)

36
Q

what does an increased ANB angle indicate?

A

Class II skeletal pattern (> 4 degrees)

37
Q

what does a decreased or negative ANB angle?

A

class III skeletal pattern (<2 degrees)

38
Q

what are the risks of orthodontic tx?

A

demineralisation/caries
relapse
length of tx
root resorption
pain/discomfort
appliances breaking
failure to achieve desired outcome
gingivitis
ulceration

39
Q

what does IOTN stand for?

A

index of orthodontic treatment need

40
Q

what are the 2 components of the IOTN?

A

dental health
aesthetic

41
Q

what does MOCDO stand for?

A

Missing
Overjet
Crossbite
Displacement (of contact points)
Overbite

42
Q

what DHC and AC scores would get priority tx?

A

DHC >4
AC >6

Module 7 (8 decks)

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