Orthodontics Flashcards

1
Q

how do we assess symmetry?

A

line of fifths
birds eye view
worms eye view

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2
Q

what are the landmarks for facial thirds to assess facial thirds?

A

glabella
subnasale
soft tissue chin

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3
Q

what does it mean when FMPA meets behind occiput?

A

reduced FMPA

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4
Q

what does it mean when FMPA meets ahead of occiput?

A

increased FMPA

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5
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class I skeletal pattern?

A

orthognathic

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6
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class II skeletal pattern?

A

maxilla forward
mandible back
combination of both

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7
Q

how are the maxilla and mandible positioned in class III skeletal pattern?

A

maxilla back
mandible forward
combination of both

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8
Q

what could increase the nasolabial angle?

A

proclined uppers
protruded maxilla

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9
Q

what could decrease the nasolabial angle?

A

retruded maxilla
retroclined incisors

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10
Q

what are the classifications for crowding?

A

mild - 0-4mm
moderate - 4-8mm
severe - >8mm

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11
Q

what can cause a midline diastema?

A

frenal attachment
racial predilection
supernumerary - mesiodens
odontome, cysts
habits

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12
Q

what are causes for generalised spacing?

A

missing teeth
microdontia
jaw size-tooth size discrepancy
perio problems
macroglossia

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13
Q

describe class I incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edges occlude on or lie below the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors

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14
Q

describe class II div 1 incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edge occludes behind the cingulum plateau of upper incisor
upper incisors normally inclined or proclined

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15
Q

describe class II div 2 incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edges occlude behind the cingulum plateau of upper incisors
upper incisors retroclined

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16
Q

describe class III incisor relationship

A

lower incisor edge occlude anterior to the cingulum plateau of upper incisors

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17
Q

describe class I molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes with MB cusp of upper 6

18
Q

describe class II molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes posterior to MB cusp of upper 6

19
Q

describe class III molar relationship

A

buccal groove of lower 6 occludes anterior to MB cusp of upper 6

20
Q

describe the canine relationships

A

class 1 - upper distal to lower but touching
class 2 half unit- edge to edge
class 2 full unit - upper mesial to lower
class 3 - upper distal to lower not touching

21
Q

what age should you palpate for canines?

22
Q

what are the risk factors for impacted canines?

A

family history
females>males
class ii div 2
hypodontia/microdontia

23
Q

what % of impacted canines improve after XLA of C’s

24
Q

when would you take xrays for ortho?

A

locate unerupted teeth
pathology
root morphology
assess skeletal pattern
monitor tx changes

25
what is the nasion?
most anterior point of fronto nasal suture in median plane
26
where is point A?
deepest midline concavity of anterior maxilla
27
where is the PNS?
tip of posterior nasal spine
28
where is point B?
the deepest concavity on the mandibular symphysis
29
where is the pogonion?
most anterior point of mandibular symphysis
30
where is the menton?
most inferior point on mandibular symphysis
31
where is the gonion?
the constructed point of intersection of the tangents of the ramus plane and the mandibular plane
32
what does an increased SNA angle indicate?
prognathic maxilla (>82 degrees)
33
what does an decreased SNA angle indicate?
retrognathic maxilla (<82 degrees)
34
what does an increased SNB angle indicate?
prognathic mandible (>80 degrees)
35
what does a decreased SNB angle indicate?
retrognathic mandible (<80 degrees)
36
what does an increased ANB angle indicate?
Class II skeletal pattern (> 4 degrees)
37
what does a decreased or negative ANB angle?
class III skeletal pattern (<2 degrees)
38
what are the risks of orthodontic tx?
demineralisation/caries relapse length of tx root resorption pain/discomfort appliances breaking failure to achieve desired outcome gingivitis ulceration
39
what does IOTN stand for?
index of orthodontic treatment need
40
what are the 2 components of the IOTN?
dental health aesthetic
41
what does MOCDO stand for?
Missing Overjet Crossbite Displacement (of contact points) Overbite
42
what DHC and AC scores would get priority tx?
DHC >4 AC >6