Orthodontics Flashcards
What is orthodontics?
It is concerned with the development of the dentition and occlusion
What is a malocclusion?
Any deviation from the norm
There is a spectrum
High prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents
What are the benefits of orthodontic treatment?
Improved dental and oral health
Improved aesthetics and function
What are examples of occlusal abnormalities where orthodontics helps long term dental health?
Crowding Perio - damage due to overbites Unerupted impacted teeth Crossbites w mandibular displacement Ectopic teeth - teeth that formed in or subsequently moved into the wrong position, often become impacted
What potential problem can arise from an incisal overjet?
Can cause trauma to the upper incisors
What are all the potential risks involved with orthodontic treatment?
Intra-oral damage Root resorption Loss of periodontal support Demineralisation Enamel damage Soft tissue damage Loss of vitality Treatment ineffective
What is a functional occlusion?
No interferences
Smooth gliding movement of mandible
Orthodontics should aim to achieve this
In terms of incisor relationships, what is a class 1?
Lower incisal edges rest immediately behind the cingulum of the uppers
Slight 1mm overjet roughly
Class 1 considered ideal
In terms of incisor relationship, what is a class 2?
Lower incisor edges posterior to cingulum of uppers 2 divisions of class 2
Class 2 div 1 - Upper incisors proclined, increase in OJ
Class 2 div 2 - Upper incisors retroclined, OJ minimal
In terms of incisor relationship, what is a class 3?
Lower anteriors lay anterior to the upper anteriors
Reverse OJ
What is the IOTN?
Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needed
grade 1 - least
grade 5 - most
Categories based on are Missing teeth Overjet Crossbite Displacement of contact points Overbite
What are the 3 main risks of orthodontic treatment?
Decalcification - caries around brackets
Relapse
Root resorption
What is mandibular prognathism?
Enlarged mandible
What are uses of study casts within dentistry?
Demonstrate progress of Tx Keep for 12y for legal reasons Designing but not making appliances on Teaching Planning when pt not present 2nd opinions Forensics Diagnosis
What are the properties of stainless steel?
Ductile - able to be deformed without losing toughness Biocompatible Cheap Resistant to corrosion Strong and durable Easy to work with