Orthobullets Notes

Question 1

Syme amputation energy expenditure

Answer 1

15%

Question 2

Traumatic transtibial amputation energy expenditure

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

Vascular transtibial ampuation energy expenditure

Answer 3

40%

Question 4

traumatic transfemoral energy expenditure

Answer 4

68%

Question 5

vascular transfemoral ampuation energy expenditure

Answer 5

100%

Question 6

Horizontal parrallel metaphyseal lines can result from…

Answer 6

chronic bisphosphonate use.

Question 7

Kaplan approach to the elbow

Answer 7

Interval between EDC and ECRB. More anterior and provides more protection against injury to the LUCL.

Question 8

Kocher approach to the elbow

Answer 8

Interval between anconeus and ECU

Question 9

The correct interval for fixation of a posteromedial tibial plateau fragment is…

Answer 9

between the pes anserineus and the medial head of the gastroc.

Question 10

Cell that produces synovial fluid

Answer 10

Type B synovial cell

Question 11

Fibrochondrocytes are responsible for…

Answer 11

meniscal healing.

Question 12

t(12;16)

Answer 12

mxyoid liposarcoma

Question 13

t(2;13)

Answer 13

alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 14

t(12;22)

Answer 14

clear cell sarcoma

Question 15

One of the main disadvantages of stainless steel is that…

Answer 15

it is susceptible to corrosion, specifically crevice and pitting.

Question 16

Rates of recurrence for patients with chondrosarcoma are most directly related to…

Answer 16

increased telomerase activity.

Question 17

Relative risk

Answer 17

risk of developing disease for people with know exposure compared to risk of developing disease without exposure

calculated by dividing the incidence of the study group by the incidence of the control group

Question 18

Phenytoin

Answer 18

anticonvulsant that has been found to increase risk of osteoporosis and thus fracture

Question 19

With a congenital limb deficiency, if unilateral…there will be

Answer 19

a gradually progressive limb-length discrepancy however the proportional lengths of the LEs will remain at a relatively constant ratio.

Question 20

Factor V Leiden

Answer 20

Disease caused by abnormality of factor V that leads to decreased inactivation of factor Va by activated Protein C and increased blood clotting.

Question 21

Best lab test for Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 21

25-hydroxycholecalciferol

Question 22

active form of Vitamin D

Answer 22

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question 23

25-hydroxycholecalciferol is converted in the kidney to…

Answer 23

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question 24

inactive form of Vitamin D

Answer 24

24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question 25

Premature arrest of the physis following growth plate disruption is attributed to…

Answer 25

vascular invasion across the physis.

Question 26

Wolff’s Law

Answer 26

boen deposition and resorption occurs in response to the stresses placed upon it

Question 27

The Heuter-Volkmann principle describes…

Answer 27

slowing of longitudinal physeal growth in response to increasing compressive force

Question 28

Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 28

Chemo, radiation and wide resection

Question 29

CPRS Type I occurs…

Answer 29

without an identifiable peripheral nerve component whereas CRPS Type II includes the same findings with identifiable nerve involvement.

Question 30

The flap of the lateral extensile approach to the calcaneus is supplied by…

Answer 30

the lateral calcaneal branch of the peroneal artery.

Question 31

Normal adult thigh-foot angle is…

Answer 31

10-15 degrees.

Question 32

Calcitonin…

Answer 32

reduces serum calcium concentration by directly interfering with osteoclast maturation via receptors.

Question 33

Which gene correlates with the severity of disease in spinal muscular atrophy?

Answer 33

survival motor neuron II (SMN2)