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SURG TECH > ORTHO THEORY TEST REVIEW > Flashcards

ORTHO THEORY TEST REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the sacrum and ilium articulate?

A

Sacroiliac joint

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2
Q

What is another name for degenerative joint disease?

A

Osteoarthritis

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3
Q

What is an example of a saddle Joint?

A

the Thumb

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4
Q

where is the meniscus?

A

in the knee

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5
Q

What is a meniscectomy?

A

removal of the meniscus

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6
Q

What bone articulates with distal fibula and tibia?

A

Talus

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7
Q

what is a comminuted fracture?

A

A fracture that is splintered or crushed in to 3 or more pieces

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8
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

twist up the bone

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9
Q

Compound fracture does what?

A

sticks out of the skin

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10
Q

where is a compression fracture found?

A

The Spine

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11
Q

what is the abrev. for fracture?

A

FX

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12
Q

What is the abrev. for Anerior posterior?

A

AP

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13
Q

what is a green stick fracture?

A

bent on one side broken on the other

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14
Q

Where do you find grenstick fractures?

A

in children

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15
Q

Where is a colles fracture?

A

in the wrist

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16
Q

where do you find a depressed fracture?

A

the Skull

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17
Q

What stage of bone healing do you see OSTEOBLAST?

A

Proliferation

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18
Q

What do OSTEOCLASTS do?

A

Reshape bone

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19
Q

What is delayed union?

A

Fracture that does not heal in average time

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20
Q

What is mal union?

A

a fracture that heals with a deformity

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21
Q

What is nonunion?

A

a fracture stops healing and does not go together

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22
Q

If you have a fracture that involves a joint what is required?

A

absolute stability

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23
Q

WHat is a closed reduction?

A

Reduction of a fracture without an incision

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24
Q

what should you have in a closed reduciton room?

A

everything for an open reduction

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25
Q

What is a hip spica cast for?

A

Femoral head fracture

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26
Q

Who is responsible for keeping track of impants?

A

the ST

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27
Q

what are the main types of ortho implants made of?

A

Stainless steel

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28
Q

what is used to close sub q in ortho?

A

Vicryl

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29
Q

What type of suture do you use on ligaments and tendons?

A

nonabsorbable

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30
Q

what are 3 examples of long bones?

A

Tibia, Femur, Forearm

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31
Q

what is an open reduction?

A

reduction of a fracture with an incision

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32
Q

what do you use cortical screws on?

A

Hard dense bones

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33
Q

what do you use cancellous screws on?

A

Spongy bone

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34
Q

which screw have threads far apart?

A

Cancellous

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35
Q

which screw have threads close together?

A

Cortical

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36
Q

what is special about cannulated screws? (2)

A
  1. they have a hole in the middle

2. place them over k wire

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37
Q

what are cannulated screws used on?

A

Femoral nec fractures

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38
Q

What do cannulated screw give?

A

compression

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39
Q

After you use a cannulated screw and get down to fracture, what will you hand the surgeon?

A

K Wire and K wire Driver

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40
Q

What is the sequence in a ORIF screw placement?

A

Drill, Measure, Tap, Screw

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41
Q

what do you use to measure depth of the hole for your screw?

A

Depth gauge

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42
Q

where fo you use IM nails?

A

long bones

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43
Q

what do you use electrical stimulation devices for?

A

to stimulate bone healing through osteogenesis

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44
Q

What does the medial end of the clavicle articulate wit?

A

the manubrium

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45
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus, INfraspinatus and the Subscapularis

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46
Q

what is the visualization of a joint?

A

Arthroscopy

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47
Q

what is the purpose of a tourniquet?

A

Reduce blood flow

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48
Q

What is the arthroscopy solution for visualization?

A

3000ml bag of saline

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49
Q

what is an acromioplasty?

A

Removal of the acromion process

50
Q

where would you do a bankhart procedure?

A

shoulder

51
Q

how do you prep for rotator cuff procedure?

A

arm shoulder and to the neck

52
Q

what do you do with the other leg in a hip procedure if you are in supine position?

A

put in a well leg holder

53
Q

What type of pillow is used after total hip?

A

Abduction

54
Q

what are compression screws for?

A

Feoral neck fracture

55
Q

what does a bennet retractor do?

A

Retracts muscles around the femur

56
Q

what do you replace in a total hip?

A

the entire hip joint , acetabulum included

57
Q

what do you replace in a hemi arthroplasty?

A

everything but the acetabulum

58
Q

what is another name for a hemiarthroplasty?

A

bipolar hip

59
Q

what do you perform a meniscectomy to repair?

A

a bucket handle tear in the medial cartilage of the knee

60
Q

what is the main reason for a total knee?

A

degenerative joint disease

61
Q

what is the most complex synovial joint?

A

the knee

62
Q

what saw is used to remove bone and cartilage on the total knee?

A

oscillating

63
Q

what are the 4 components replace in a total knee?

A

Femur, Tibial plate, tibial spacer and patella

64
Q

what are you fusing when doing a triple arthrodesis?

A

the calcaneal, talonivular and calcanalcuboid joint

65
Q

what is another name for a bunionectomy?

A

Hallux Valgus

66
Q

what procedures are done for bunionectomy?

A

Keller or McBride

67
Q

abrev. for above knee?

A

AK

68
Q

Abrev. for below knee?

A

BK

69
Q

what does disarticulation mean?

A

separation of 2 bone at the joint

70
Q

what is the removal of a ganglion cyst?

A

ganglion excision

71
Q

where is a ganglion cyst located?

A

the wrist

72
Q

what do you need for a bier block?

A

a double tourniquet

73
Q

who does a bier block?

A

anesthesia

74
Q

What does carpal tunel release release?

A

the medial nerve

75
Q

what bone does not articulate with an other boen?

A

the hyoid

76
Q

what type of graft is from self?

A

autograft

77
Q

what is the epiphysis of the bone?

A

the growth plate

78
Q

where on the bone is the epiphysis located?

A

the ends

79
Q

what is the diaphysis?

A

the shaft of the bone

80
Q

What is osteomalacia?

A

softening of the bone

81
Q

phalanges are:

A

fingers and toes

82
Q

what is the best place for a bone graft?

A

iliac crest

83
Q

how is the Fibula connected to the tibia?

A

by a fibrous connective tissue (cartilage)

84
Q

what attaches muscle to bone?

A

tendons

85
Q

what attaches bone to bone?

A

Ligament

86
Q

what is another name for a compound fracture?

A

open fracture

87
Q

what is a pathological fracture also known as?

A

spontaneous

88
Q

what causes pathological fractures?

A

bone disease, osteoporosis or bone neoplasia

89
Q

what is a 1-1/2 hip spica cast for ?

A

femoral shaft fracture

90
Q

where does the 1-1/2 hip spica go?

A

hip to toes on affected side, hip to knee on the unaffected

91
Q

which bone is the stronger, cortical or cancellous?

A

Cortical

92
Q

where does the head of the humerus fit?

A

into the glenoid cavity

93
Q

what is the glenoid cavity formed by?

A

the acromion and corticoid process of the scapula and clavical

94
Q

What is the medical term for elbow?

A

Olecranon

95
Q

what are hemostatic agents in ortho?

A

bone wax, thrombin, and gelfoam

96
Q

ACL orginates where?

A

ANterior intercondylar area of the tibia

97
Q

PCL originates where?

A

at the anterolateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle

98
Q

what is the meniscus?

A

fibrous cartilage of the joint of the knee

99
Q

why are tendons repaired with non absorbable sutures?

A

because they are not very vascular and take a long time to heal

100
Q

what is arthrocentesis ?

A

puncture of a joint

101
Q

what is arthroclasia ?

A

breaking of a joint

102
Q

what is a laminectomy?

A

removal of the lamina from the vertebral column

103
Q

what is a synovectomy?

A

removal of the synovial membrane

104
Q

When applying esmark where do you start?

A

distal

105
Q

when do you remove the esmark?

A

when the tourniquet is set

106
Q

what do you do once you take the esmark of?

A

roll it back up and put it on you back table

107
Q

what do you use to hold stockinette in place and get rid of thebulk?

A

coban

108
Q

what is joint reconstruction?

A

arthroplasty

109
Q

what is the excision of the knee cap?

A

patellectomy

110
Q

where do the fixation pins go in relation to the fracture?

A

proximal and distal

111
Q

what are the fixation pins attached to ?

A

stabilizing bars

112
Q

what dressing is applied at the end of an ortho procedure for compression?

A

ACE or elastic bandages

113
Q

what is a putti platt procedure on?

A

shoulder

114
Q

keller and mcbride treat what ?

A

bunions

115
Q

where do you use bone cement a majority of the time?

A

total knee

116
Q

what is the fusion of 2 or more fingers?

A

syndicalism

117
Q

what is the lateral movement away from the midline?

A

abduction

118
Q

palm upward=

A

supination

119
Q

downward at the ankle=

A

plantar flexion

120
Q

what is infection of the bone ?

A

osteomyelitis

SURG TECH (1 decks)

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