Ortho lab 3

Question 1

What is orthodontics?

Answer 1

The movement of teeth and facial/jaw growth to try and manipulate everything to get it straight.

Question 2

what is malocclusion?

Answer 2

When the teeth bite together abnormally.

Question 3

What are the properties of stainless steel?

Answer 3

Fracture resistant
Corrosion resistant
Easy to polish
Ductile.

Question 4

What are the different components of stainless steel?

Answer 4

72% Iron
18% Chromiun
8% Nickel
1.7% Titanium
0.3% Carbon.

Question 5

What are the 5 intra-oral forces?

Answer 5

Tongue
Talking
Mastication
Active component
Gravity.

Question 6

What is some advantages of the adams clasp?

Answer 6

Small and unobtrusive
Can be used on permanent, deciduous and partially erupted teeth
The bridge provides site of removal.

Question 7

What is an aim?

Answer 7

Description of what the appliance is trying to achieve.

Question 8

What is an active component?

Answer 8

The name of the component or components that will be moving teeth with force.

Question 9

What does retention mean?

Answer 9

Resistance to unwanted displacement forces.

Question 10

What does anchorage mean?

Answer 10

Resistance to unwanted tooth movement.

Question 11

What are the 3 functions of the base plate?

Answer 11

Holds everything together
Provides retention
Provides anchorage.

Question 12

What law does anchorage go by?

Answer 12

Newton’s 3rd law- every action has an opposite and equal reaction.

Question 13

What are some advantages of removable orthodontics?

Answer 13

Tipping of teeth
Excellent anchorage
Shorter chair side time
Oral hygiene easier to maintain
Non-destructive to tooth surface
Less specialised training required to manage
Can be easily adapted for overbite reduction
Can achieve block movements.

Question 14

What are some disadvantages of removable orthodontics?

Answer 14

Less precise tooth movement 
Can be easily removed by patient
Generally only 1-2 teeth moved at a time
Specialist technical staff required to construct the appliances
Rotations very difficult to correct.

Question 15

What is the aim, active component, retention, anchorage and baseplate for the following:
Retract canines, 1st premolars extracted, 6mm over jet (OJ)?

Answer 15

A- please construct a URA to retract 13 and 23
AC- 13+23 palatal finger spring + guards: 0.5mm HSSW
R- 16+26 Adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW
AND
11+21 Southend clasp 0.7mm HSSW
A- moving only 2 teeth
B- self cure PMMA.

Question 16

What do you need to do before fitting a removable orthodontics appliance?

Answer 16

Do an intra and extra oral examination
Does your appliance match the prescription
Right appliance to the right patient
Does it have any sharp edges
Any broken bits or signs of work hardening?

Question 17

What are the steps of fitting a URA?

Answer 17

Ensure the patients details match the details supplied for the appliance

Check the appliance matches the design specifications

Run your finger over the surface and look for sharp or traumatic areas

Check integrity of the work

Insert the appliance into the patients mouth- look for blanching

Check the posterior retention (adams clasp- first the flyovers then the arrowheads engaging appropriately into the undercut)

Apply the same to anterior retention

Activate the appliance (1mm movement approx per month)

Demonstrate to the patient the correct procedure for insertion and removal of the appliance (and patient can do this too)

Question 18

What is the URA appliance design for:

Retract canines, 1st premolars extracted, 6mm over jet and reduce over bite?

Why do we add 3mm on to the base plate?

Answer 18

Please construct a URA to retract 13 and 23 to reduce overbite

16 and 25 adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW
11 and 21 Southend clasp 0.7mm HSSW

MOVING ONLY 2 TEETH

Self cure PMMA and flat anterior bite plane (OJ+3mm)

We add the baseplate on because if we didn’t the lowers would go behind.

Question 19

What can over eruption of teeth cause?

Answer 19

Sensitivity and potential for trauma.

Question 20

Name some retentive components.

Answer 20

Adams clasp

South end clasp

Labial bows.

Question 21

Name some active components and buccally placed active components?

Answer 21

AC
Finger springs plus guards
Z spring
Flapper spring
T spring 

BAC
Buccal canine retractor
Roberts retractor.

Question 22

Why are bucally placed active components sheathed with tubing?

Answer 22

To increase rigidity.

Question 23

What are stops used for?

Answer 23

They are passive and hold teeth in position.

Question 24

What is the correct appliance design for 12 in anterior cross bite?

Answer 24

Please construct a URA to correct an anterior cross bite on the 12

12 Z spring 0.5mm HSSW

16 and 26 Adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW
14 and 24 Adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW

MOVING ONLY 1 TOOTH

Self cure PMMA and posterior bite plane.

Question 25

What can Z springs allow?

Answer 25

A bit of rotation (if you activate the left size it will rotate to the left).

Question 26

Construct an appliance design for:

Retract bucally placed canines, 1st premolars extracted, 6mm (OJ).

Answer 26

Please construct a URA to retract bucally placed 13 and 23

13 and 23 buccal canine retractors 0.5mm HSSW and 0.5mm ID tubing

16 and 26 Adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW
11 and 21 Southend clasp 0.7mm HSSW

MOVING ONLY 2 TEETH

Self cure PMMA and flat anterior bite plane over jet + 3mm.

Question 27

What are the instructions you would give to a patient when fitting a URA?

Answer 27

1. Appliance big and bulky
   
   2. Excess salivation (pass in 24 hours)
   3. Lisp- will get used to it might reduce compliance, practice reading allowed
   4. May cause mild discomfort- indicates that the appliance is working
   5. To be worn 24 hours a day- during eating as sleep, can effect the position of teeth during high masticatory load
   6. Remove after every meal and cleaning it with a soft brush (don’t use toothpaste as very abrasive)
   7. Remove and store in a container during contact sports and active sports (sharp intact of breath)
   8. Avoid hard or sticky foods and cautious with hot food drinks (acts as an insulator)
   9. Missing appointments will lengthen the treatment time
      Provide with emergency contact details.