Ortho assessment Flashcards
When would a ortho assesment occur
Brief examinaton at 9yrs and a comprehensive examination when premolars and canines have erupted (11-12yrs)
What are Andrews 6 keys
- Molar relationship: the distal surface of the disto-buccal cusp of the upper 1st perm. molar occludes with the mesial surface surface of the mesio-buccal cusp of the lower 2nd perm. molar
- Corwn angualation (mesio distal tip)
- Crown inclination
- No rotations
- No spaces
- Flat occlusal planes
Malocclusion is
are more significant deviations from
the ideal that may be considered unsatisfactory
(aesthetically or functionally)
What is considered in the extra oral examination
Facial skeletal pattern considered in three
planes
– Antero-posterior.
– Vertical.
– Transverse.
What is carried out in the AP asessment and what are you looking for
Visual assessment
Palpate skeletal bases
To see if:
Class1 =maxilla 2-3 mm in front of mandible
Class2 = maxilla more than 3mm in front
Class3= mandible in front of maxilla
What is looked at in the Vertical skeletal assessment
Frankfort - Mandibular
Planes Angle (FMPA)
Whats looked at in the transverse assessment
Mid sagittal
reference line
What soft tissue things do you look at
Lips - competent / incompetent.
Tongue – position, habitual and
swallowing.
Habits – thumb, digit sucking
Speech - lisping
What is there to loook at for the lips
Lips - Competent
-Lips that meet at rest
-Relaxed Mentalis M
Lips - Incompetent
-Lips that do not meet at rest
-Relaxed Mentalis M
Lip Trap
-Lip trap – may procline
upper incisors
-May lead to relapse of
overjet if persists at the
end of treatment
Lips - Lower lip activity
-Hyper active lower lip may
retrocline lower incisors
What is there to look at in the tongue
Tongue thrust on
swallowing can be
associated with an anterior
open bite (AOB)
Can be either
endogenous or adaptive
tongue thrust
May cause relapse of
AOB at the end of
treatment if endogenous
What are ft. of digit sucking habbit
Proclination of upper anteriors
Retroclination of lower anteriors
Localised AOB or incomplete OB
Narrow upper arch +/- unilateral posterior crossbite
What to check on TMJ
Path of closure
Range of movement
Pain, click from joint
Deviation on opening
Muscle tenderness
What to look at in intra oral exam.
Oral hygiene and periodontal health
Count the teeth (from the back!)
Teeth of poor prognosis
Assess crowding / spacing / rotations
Inclination / angulation
Palpate for canines if not erupted
Note teeth of abnormal shape/size
What to look at in upper and lower arch
Lower:
-Degree of crowding - uncrowded, mild, moderate, severe
-Presence of rotations
-Inclination of canines - mesial, upright, distal
-Angulation of incisors to mandibular planeupright, proclined, retroclined
Upper:
* Degree of crowding - uncrowded, mild, moderate, severe
* Presence of rotations
* Inclination of canines - mesial, upright, distal
* Angulation of incisors to Frankfort plane – upright, proclined, retroclined
What are the incisor relationships
Class I - The lower incisor edges occlude with or lie immediately below the cingulum plateau of the upper central incisors.
Class II - The lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors
- Division I - The upper incisors are proclined or of average inclination and there is an increase in overjet.
- Division 2 - The upper central incisors are retroclined. The overjet is usually minimal or may be increased.
Class III - The lower incisor edges lie anterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors. The overjet is reduced or reversed
