ortho Flashcards
which surgery is most associated with BCIS
hip arthroplasty
mma in systemic circulation causes tachycardia or bradycardia
brady & dyrsthymias
mma in systemic circulation does what to BP
hypo
mma in systemic circulation does what to SVR
dec
mma does what to PVR
inc
first signs of BCIS in awake person under regional
dyspnea and AMS
first sign of BCIS in general
decreased ETCO2
tx for BCIS
100% FIO2, IV hydration, neo for hOtn
greatest risk for fat embolism is within ___
72h
risk factors for fat embolism
pelvic fx, femoral fx, and instrumentation of femoral medullary canal
triad of FES
resp insufficiency (hypoxemia, bilateral infiltrates on CXR, ARDS), neurological involvement (confusion to coma), petechial rash (skin of neck and axilla, oral mucose, conjunctiva)
cells distal to the tourniquet shift to ____ metabolism
anaerobic
max inflation time of tourniquet
2h
premature release of bier block results in ___ or ___
sz or cardiac arrest
releasing the tourniquet causes ETCO2 to ____
rise
releasing the tourniquet causes core body temp to ____
decrease
releasing the tourniquet causes BP to ____ and HR to ____
decrease, increase
releasing the tourniquet causes SvO2 to ____
decrease
releasing the tourniquet causes what acid base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
tourniquet pain is usually transmitted by __ fibers
c (slow pain)
under GA, tourniquet pain manifests as ___ and ____
htn, tachycardia. give esmolol
bone cement is an ___ reaction
exothermic. releases heat
tissue thromboplastin release may cause platelet _____, micro_____, and CV ____
aggregation, microthrombus (lungs) and CV instability
BCIS embolization is most frequent during
prosthetic insertion
upper extremity should be ___ torr, lower extremity should be ___ torr
- want 100 over systolic
tourniquet pain is less common in ___ anesthesia
regional
placement of epidural needle or catheter should not be undertaken within ___ hours of a SQ heparin or within ___h of LMWH
6-8, 12-24
stop plavix ___ days
7
stop xaralto __ hours
48-72
restrictions on aspirin?
none
which location of fracture has the most blood loss?
subtrochanteric, intertrochanteric
(followed by base of fem neck, transcervical, sub capital) lower=bleed more
embolic event most frequent at ___ of ___ component
insertion of femoral component
highest rate of DVT is with what ortho procedure
total knee arthroplasty
avoid ___ block in people with resp problems
interscalene
