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Certified Operator/Qualified Supervisor Exams > Ornamental Cat. 207 > Flashcards

Ornamental Cat. 207 Flashcards

1
Q

What does IPM stand for?

A

Integrated Pest Management

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2
Q

Define Integrated Pest Management

A

An approach to the management of pests in which all available control tactics are evaluated and integrated into a unified program

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3
Q

To diagnose a pest problem, it is necessary to look for what?

A

The presence of insects (egg, larva, nymph, pupa, adult), insect products, or the pattern and type of damage

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4
Q

What is Honeydew?

A

A sticky liquid sugar excreted by scales and aphids

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5
Q

What is a Gall?

A

distorted tissue growth found most commonly on leaves. Mostly caused by aphids, psyllids, fly midges and small wasps

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6
Q

When talking about ornamental pest control, what is a symptom?

A

The injury insects cause to a plant or the plant’s response to the presence of the insects

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7
Q

What is a biotic disease?

A

A disease caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and other living organisms

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8
Q

What are some examples of abiotic factors that cause disease?

A

Moisture imbalance, temperature extremes, nutrient imbalance, chemical injury, root girdling and air pollution damage

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9
Q

Before using control methods, what must be done?

A

The problem must be diagnosed

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10
Q

Prevention consists of what?

A

Planning and management that produces healthy plants

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11
Q

What are mechanical and physical controls?

A

Practices or devices used to eradicate or exclude pests. Examples: barriers, mulching, traps

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12
Q

Define biological control

A

the reduction of a pest population by natural enemies and typically involves an active human role.

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13
Q

What is a systemic insecticide?

A

An insecticide that can be applied to one part of a plant and will move throughout the rest of the plant

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14
Q

Pesticide formulations can be divided into what three types?

A

Solids, liquids and gases

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15
Q

What are Adjuvants?

A

Adjuvants are added ingredients which can be mixed with pesticide spray mixtures to reduce the number of fine droplets

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16
Q

How is pump capacity measured?

A

gallons per minute (GPM) or gallons per hour (GPH)

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17
Q

What do agitators do?

A

Agitators mix the components of the pray mixture uniformly and, for some formulations, keep the material in suspension.

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18
Q

Why do spray systems contain strainers?

A

To prevent foreign material from plugging the nozzle or other parts of the spray system.

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19
Q

Why is equipment calibration important?

A

It ensures that you equipment applies the correct amount of pesticide over a given area.

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20
Q

What is Trunk Banding?

A

Applying a band of insecticide around the trunk of a tree just below where the lowest major branches join the trunk.

21
Q

What is Trunk Injection?

A

This type of application uses gravity or pressure to feed solutions into holes that are predrilled into tree trunks.

22
Q

What is an advantage to Trunk Injections?

A

All of the pesticide is placed inside of the tree. There is little waste and hazard of environmental contamination is minimal.

23
Q

What is a disadvantage of Trunk Injections?

A

Uneven internal distribution of the chemicals.

24
Q

What are the two reasons for maintaining and cleaning equipment?

A

Saves money and prevents pesticide poisoning

25
Q

What does PPE stand for?

A

Personal Protective Equipment

26
Q

Why should you not use a metal wire to unclog a nozzle?

A

It may distort the nozzle opening and change the spray pattern and output.

27
Q

What is Acute Toxicity?

A

result of an accidental or intentional single or repeated exposure to a substantial dose of toxicant.

28
Q

What is Chronic Toxicity?

A

result of prolonged or frequently repeated exposure to lower toxicant doses

29
Q

What are the three common routes pesticides can enter the human body?

A

skin (dermal), mouth (oral) and lungs (inhalation)

30
Q

At the time of pesticide application at a residential property, what information must be left at the treated property?

A

Statement saying a pesticide was applied, what pesticide was applied, date of application, and any precautionary statements appearing on the pesticide label.

31
Q

At the time of pesticide application at a commercial property, what information must be left a the treated property?

A

The pesticide applied, date of application and any precautionary statements appearing on the label.

32
Q

What are the height requirements for each sign notifying the public of a pesticide application?

A

The bottom of the sign must be at least 18 inches off the ground and the top can be no more than 48 inches from the ground.

33
Q

How far must the notice of pesticide application sign be from the road or property boundary?

A

2 to 5 feet from the road or property boundary

34
Q

What dimensions must the notice-of-application sign be?

A

4 inches high and 5 inches wide

35
Q

What information must the notice-of-application signs contain on them?

A

The word “WARNING”, the words “PESTICIDE APPLIED”, the symbol of a circle with a diagonal slash over an adult, child and dog, and the name of the applicator which made the application.

36
Q

If a pesticide application is made and the property owner is not present, what additional information needs to be on the notice-of-application signs?

A

Telephone number of the applicator, name of the pesticide applied and the date the pesticide was applied.

37
Q

What is Vapor Drift?

A

When a pesticide volatilizes and changes to a vapor and then moves in the air away from the treated area.

38
Q

When does the chance for volatilization increase?

A

With increased temperatures

39
Q

What is Particle Drift?

A

The movement of small droplets and particles of the spray solution suspended in air away from the target area.

40
Q

What environmental conditions could affect the rate of break down of a pesticide?

A

Soil surface type, surface moisture, presence of microorganisms, temperature and exposure to direct sunlight.

41
Q

What is Persistence?

A

The measure of how long a pesticide remains in a n active form at the site of application or in the environment.

42
Q

How can you avoid harming nontarget organisms and pollinators during a pesticide application?

A

Read the warnings and directions on the pesticide label

43
Q

What factors influence the impact of pesticides on natural enemies?

A

Spectrum of activity, coverage and formulation of pesticide, dosage and frequency of application, timing of application, and susceptibility of natural enemy to the pesticide.

44
Q

To reduce the change of killing bees and other pollinators, what can be done?

A

Follow the label recommendations.

45
Q

What is leaching?

A

The downward movement of pesticides and nutrients through soil.

46
Q

What factors contribute to pesticide degradation?

A

Temperature, moisture, wind, pH, photodecomposition and microbial degradation.

47
Q

What is photodecomposition?

A

The degradation of a pesticide due to exposure to sunlight.

48
Q

What is Phytotoxicity?

A

An undesirable injury to a plant caused by a pesticide.

Certified Operator/Qualified Supervisor Exams (4 decks)

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