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Social Science > Origins Of World Religions And Belief Systems Warring Stated Period(China) > Flashcards

Origins Of World Religions And Belief Systems Warring Stated Period(China) Flashcards

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1
Q

Longest reigning dynasty in China

A

Zhou dynasty

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2
Q

This was the period of constant warfare among the local lords

A

Warring States Period

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3
Q

These traditional values faded away as the Zhou dynasty declined

A

social order, harmony, and respect for authority

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4
Q

Chinese scholars and philosophers developed belief systems due to ______

A

the decline of the traditional values of social order, harmony, and respect for authority

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5
Q

Chinese philosophers and scholars developed belief systems called _____

A

Hundred Schools of Thought

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6
Q

Chinese philosophers and scholars developed belief systems in order to _____

A

restore peace in the society

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7
Q

The most prominent philosophies were _______

A

Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism

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8
Q

Developer of Confucianism

A

Confucius/ Kong Qui/ K’ ung Fu-tzu

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9
Q

Confucius was born in ______ BC

A

551

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10
Q

Confucius was born into a _____, according to the Records of the Historian written by Sima Qian

A

royal family in the Zhou dynasty

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11
Q

Confucius was appointed as _______ due to his wisdom

A

Minister of Justice

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12
Q

Where was Confucius appointed as a minister?

A

home state of Lu

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13
Q

Why did Confucius resign?

A

the ruler of Lu received a troop of dancing girls as presents and prioritized entertainment instead of his duties

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14
Q

Confucius wandered for years to ______

A

find a worthy ruler to serve

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Confucius’ philosophy was rejected by rulers

A

TRUE

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16
Q

When he failed to find the ruler he sought, Confucius _________

A

returned to Lu and became a teacher

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17
Q

Confucius gained many followers as he taught the classics, which include _____

A

the Book of Documents, the Book of Odes, and the Book of Changes.

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18
Q

TRUE or FALSE: For Confucius’ friends or peers, he was a living embodiment of a sage who leads through his virtues

A

FALSE

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19
Q

Confucius’ book is called ____

A

Lun Yu or The Analects

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20
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Confucius compiled and recorded his own sayings

A

FALSE

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21
Q

Daoism is also called ___

A

Taoism

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22
Q

Developer of Daoism

A

Lao Tzu or Laozi

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23
Q

In which century was Lao Zi living in?

A

6th Century BCE

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24
Q

Most information about Lao Tzu’s life came from ______

A

the Records of the Grand Historian

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25
Q

Lao Tzu served as a ____ in the Royal Library in the state of ____

A

curator, Chu

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26
Q

Lao Tzu advocated the importance of following the

A

Dao

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27
Q

What is dao?

A

a universal force that guides all things

28
Q

According to Lao Tzu, what can aligning one’s self with the dao do?

A

According to Lao Tzu, what can aligning one’s self with the dao do?

29
Q

What happens if we oppose the dao?

A

There will be frustration, unhappiness, or anger which turns into bad behavior

30
Q

Lao Tzu’s sacred text

A

Dao De Jing

31
Q

What did Lao Tzu do after he crossed the border?

A

he lived as a hermit

32
Q

Developer of legalism

A

Han Feizi

33
Q

Han Feizi was from _____

A

state of Qin

34
Q

Han Feizi was influenced by the earlier principles of a Qin statesman named ____

A

Shang Yang

35
Q

Describe Shang Yang

A

rejected the tenets of both Confucianism and Daoism

36
Q

Shang Yang believed that to restore order in the society, _________ should be implemented

A

strict laws and harsh punishments

37
Q

Two of the city-states with their own government and culture that developed as a result of their geographical setting are ______

A

Athens and Sparta

38
Q

The Greek city-states formed an alliance called the ______

A

Delian League

39
Q

Why was the Delian League formed?

A

to defeat the Persians and to drive them out of their territory

40
Q

TRUE or FALSE: The hostility among city-states, especially between Athens and Carthage, sparked the beginning of the Peloponnesian War

A

FALSE

41
Q

Philosophy means

A

love of wisdom

42
Q

When did philosophy flourish?

A

After the war, when Athenians began to question their traditional beliefs and values

43
Q

Philosophy aims to _____

A

use human capacity for rational thought to pose and attempt to answer fundamental questions about the universe and our place in it

44
Q

Philosophy compels us to apply _______ in answering questions about things

A

reasoning

45
Q

Philosophy sought to explain ______

A

why things exist and behave the way they are, how best we should live our lives, how we can be certain about what we know, and what meaning, if any, there is to our existence.

46
Q

First philosophers in Ancient Greece appeared in which century?

A

6th century BCE

47
Q

The first question that was addressed was: “What is the world made of?” Thinkers from _____ (located on ______), provided their own answers

A

Miletus, the coast of modern Turkey

48
Q

For _____, everything was made from water.

A

Thales

49
Q

For_______, it was apeiron, a substance that is “ ,”

A

Anaximander, infinite, eternal and ageless

50
Q

For _____, everything was made air

A

Anaximenes

51
Q

_______ is best known for the Pythagorean Theorem, which shows the relationship between the lengths of the sides of a right triangle

A

Pythagoras

52
Q

______ claimed that everything is composed of small particles called atoms, which are ____.

A

Democritus, indestructible and physically indivisible

53
Q

A group of philosophers called ______, led by Protagoras

A

sophists

54
Q

Relativism states that ____

A

there is no absolute truth and that there is only relative, subjective value

55
Q

Protagoras believed that “_____.”

A

man is the measure of all things

56
Q

He argued that truth, knowledge, and morality exist in relation to the perspective of the observer or the context in which ideas are viewed.

A

Protagoras

57
Q

One critic of the sophists was ___

A

Socrates

58
Q

_____ believed that there are absolute moral standards

A

Socrates

59
Q

He encouraged the Greeks to question themselves and examine their moral character

A

Socrates

60
Q

He was well-known for simply walking around the city and engaging people in discussion, asking them a series of questions that help them find holes or contradictions in their opinions and form their own conclusion.

A

Socrates

61
Q

This question-and-answer approach to teaching is known as the ____

A

Socratic Method

62
Q

_____, a student of Socrates, founded the Academy, where he delivered lectures to students from all over Greece

A

Plato

63
Q

In his most famous work called “______,” he described a fair and just society ruled by philosopher-kings

A

The Republic

64
Q

______, a student of Plato, founded the Lyceum, also known as the Peripatetic School of Philosophy. _______ explored problems in the fields of ethics, politics, psychology, physics, and biology.

A

Aristotle

65
Q

Zhou dynasty lasted for _____ years

A

800

Social Science (9 decks)

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