Origins of the Cold War Flashcards
What section of the UN has a member from every represented country in the world?
General Assembly
What is the UN Department that is minimized to 11 members, 5 permanent and 6 temporary?
Security Council
Who are the permanent members of the Security Council?
USA, Britain, France, Russia, China
February 1945, FDR, Churchill, and Stalin met at where? A Soviet resort on the Black Sea, to plan the postwar world
Yalta
What was a key issue discussed at Yalta?
Poland
What document echoed the Atlantic charter, asserting “the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live”?
Declaration of a Liberated Europe
The four main allies split Germany up into what? Taking control over it totally.
Zones
What was the era of confrontation and competition between nations, lasted from about 1946 to about 1990
The Cold War
Soviet leaders believed that ________ was a superior economic system that would eventually replace capitalism
Communism
What was the first Human Rights Treaty?
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
Who was the first US delegate to the UN Security Council?
Eleanor Roosevelt
What promoted the inherent dignity of every human being and was a commitment to end discrimination?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Truman was strongly….
Anti-Communist
At this conference, Truman suggested the Soviets take reparations from their zone, while the Allies allowed industry to revive in the other zones
Potsdam Conference
The Communist Countries of Europe came to be called what?
Satellite Nations
What separated Eastern Europe from Western Europe?
The Iron Curtain
What was a message, thousands of words long, explaining Kennan’s views on the Soviets?
The Long Telegram
What did George Kennan propose what became basic American policy throughout the Cold War?
Containment
In August 1946, Stalin demanded join control of the…
Dardanelles
The Marshall Plan would give European nations American aid to Rebuild their economies. What was another name for this plan?
European Recovery Program
The United States created West Germany, also known as…
The Federal Republic of Germany
The Soviets created East Germany, also known as…
The Democratic Republic of Germany
What began in June 1948 and continued until Spring 1949, and brought more than 2 million tons of supplies into Berlin
The Berlin Airlift
What does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NATO allowed who to rearm and join its organization?
West Germany
The Soviets responded to NATO by creating a military alliance called what?
Warsaw Pact
Who was the leader of Communist China?
Mao Zedong
Defeated Nationalists fled to the small Island called what? It’s also known as Taiwan.
Formosa
Communist established what in September 1948?
People’s Republic of China
Where is Korea divided?
38th Parallel
The American and South Korean troops were driven back into a small pocket of territory near
The Port of Pusan
On September 15, 1950, MacArthur ordered a daring invasion behind enemy lines at…
The Port of Inchon
MacArthur pushed the North Koreans north to where? The border of North Korea and China
Yalu River
war fought with limited commitment of resources to achieve a limited objective, such as containing communism
Limited War
In July 1951, peace negotiations began where?
Panmunjom
Who was elected President in 1952?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
The US also formed the what?
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
Who did the US sign defense treaties with?
Japan, Taiwan, Korea
What marked a turning point in the Cold War?
The Korean War
What is the era of American fear of Communism?
Red Scare
systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using persons working secretly from within
Subversion
Director of the FBI?
J. Edgar Hoover
What does HUAC stand for?
House of Un-American Activities Committee
Head of the Screen Actors Guild?
Ronald Reagan
Accused Alger Hiss of being a Communist?
Whittaker Chambers
Which California Representative convinced his colleagues to continue the hearings to determine who lied?
Richard Nixon
Couple that got charged for being Soviet spies?
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
What was the name of the project that cracked the Soviet code?
Venona
What act required Union leaders to take oaths saying that they were not Communists?
Taft-Hartley Act
Who targeted Secretary of State Dean Acheson and George C. Marshall for disloyalty
McCarthy
What act made it illegal to attempt to establish a totalitarian government in the US, and required all Communist-related organizations to publish their records and register with the US attorney general
McCarran Act
McCarthy’s tactic of damaging reputations with vague, unfounded charges became known as
McCarthyism
to express a formal disapproval of an action
Censure
