Origins Of Liberalism Flashcards
What are the two main branches of liberalism ?
Classical liberalism and modern liberalism
How did classical liberalism originated ?
Protestants challenged the authoritarian control of the Catholic Church by advocating free will and individualism
When did classical liberalism continue to thrive ?
When rationalistic ideas of science and philosophy challenged the traditional religious order
who are the people in support of classical liberalism ?
John Stuart Mill and John Locke
What is the dominant form of liberalism ?
Modern liberalism
Who are the people in support for modern liberalism?
John Rawl and Betty Friedan
What does modern liberalism argue for ?
Increased role for the state within society and the economy
What are the sixkey beliefs of classical liberalism ?
- Social control theory
- Foundation equality
- Negative freedom
- Laissez-faire economics
- Rigged individualism
- Representative democracy
According to the social contract theory what did the classical liberal thinker John Locke say ?
Classical thinker John Locke argue that individuals consent through social contract
Who does the social contract allows who to govern by ?
To be governed by the state
What is social contract ?
- state based on contract between government and the people
- government agrees to make itself accountable for three people
- and people should obey and uphold security of the state
Who believed in foundational equality ?
John Locke
What is foundational equality ?
They all individuals born with natural right including freedom from unnecessary influence by the state
Which type of liberalism argued for tolerance in society ?
Classical liberalism
Which people emphasises foundational equality ?
Wollstonecraft and Mill
Which classical liberalism argues the highest form of freedom was negative freedom or freedom from constrains ?
Classical liberals like Locke and Mill
What do classical liberalism argue the state are ?
- oppressive
- interventionist government and laws
- state should have limited tolerance in society , keeping order and protecting property right
What idea did classical liberalism favour ?
Favoured idea of limited government
What do classical liberalism say about Lassez-Faire economics?
State should play a minimal role in the economy
They support Laissez-Faire , what is it ?
The creation of wealth is enhanced if the state does not interfere
What should the state not interfere with according to Laissez-Faire economics?
Market for goods , services and labour
What is rugged individualism?
Classical liberalism argue people succeed or fail on their own effort and position in society which is in their own hands
What happens if state provides welfare or assistance ?
It Arrest development of individuals
What is representative democracy ?
- Electing a well educated representative to make decisions on their behalf
- make advancement to all parts of society for a broad consensus
