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Origins, insertions and actions Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps Brachii Long Head - Origin (Forearm flexors)

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula)

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2
Q

Biceps Brachii Long Head - Insertion (Forearm flexors)

A

Radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

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3
Q

Biceps Brachii Long Head - Action

A

Flexes forearm at the elbow joint; supinates forearm at radioulnar joints and flexes arm at shoulder joint.

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4
Q

Biceps Brachii Short Head - Origin (Forearm flexors)

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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5
Q

Biceps Brachii Short Head - Insertion (Forearm flexors)

A

Radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

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6
Q

Biceps Brachii Short Head - Action

A

Flexes forearm at the elbow joint; supinates forearm at radioulnar joints and flexes arm at shoulder joint.

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7
Q

Triceps Brachii Long Head - Origin (Forearm extensors)

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (projection inferior to glenoid cavity of scapula)

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8
Q

Triceps Brachii Long Head - Insertion (Forearm extensors)

A

Olecranon of ulna

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9
Q

Triceps Brachii Long Head - Action

A

Extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

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10
Q

Triceps Brachii Lateral Head - Origin (Forearm extensors)

A

Lateral and posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove.

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11
Q

Triceps Brachii Lateral Head - Insertion (Forearm extensors)

A

Olecranon of ulna

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12
Q

Triceps Brachii Lateral Head - Action

A

Extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

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13
Q

Triceps Brachii Medial Head - Origin (Forearm extensors)

A

Entire posterior surface of humerus inferior to a groove for the radial nerve

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14
Q

Triceps Brachii Medial Head - Insertion (Forearm extensors)

A

Olecranon of ulna

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15
Q

Triceps Brachii Medial Head - Action

A

Extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

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16
Q

Brachioradialis - Origin (Forearm flexors)

A

Lateral border of distal end of humerus

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17
Q

Brachioradialis - Insertion (Forearm flexors)

A

Superior to styloid process of radius

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18
Q

Brachioradialis - Action

A

Flexes forearm at elbow joint; supinates, and pronates forearm at radioulnar joints to neutral position

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19
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Origin (Superficial Anterior Compartment of the Forearm)

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus and superior posterior border of ulna

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20
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Insertion (Superficial Anterior Compartment of the Forearm)

A

Pisiform, hamate, and base of the fifth metacarpal bone

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21
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Action

A

Flexes and adducts hand (ulnar deviation) at wrist joint

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22
Q

Palmaris Longus - Origin (Superficial Anterior Compartment of the Forearm)

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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23
Q

Palmaris Longus - Insertion (Superficial Anterior Compartment of the Forearm)

A

Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

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24
Q

Palmaris Longus - Action

A

Weakly flexes hand at wrist joint

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25
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Origin (Superficial Posterior Compartment of the Forearm)
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and posterior border of ulna
26
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Insertion (Superficial Posterior Compartment of the Forearm)
Fifth metacarpal
27
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Action
Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint
28
Iliopsoas - Psoas major - Origin (Muscles that Move the Femur)
Transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae
29
Iliopsoas - Psoas major - Insertion (Muscles that Move the Femur)
With iliacus into lesser trochanter of femur
30
Iliopsoas - Psoas major - Action
Psoas major and iliacus muscles acting together flex thigh at hip joint, rotate thigh laterally and flex trunk on the hip as in sitting up from the supine position
31
Iliopsoas - Iliacus - Origin (Muscles that Move the Femur)
Iliac fossa and sacrum
32
Iliopsoas - Iliacus - Insertion (Muscles that Move the Femur)
With psoas major into lesser trochanter of femur
33
Iliopsoas - Iliacus - Action
Psoas major and iliacus muscles acting together flex thigh at hip joint, rotate thigh laterally and flex trunk on the hip as in sitting up from the supine position
34
Teres Minor - Origin (Scapular Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Inferior lateral border of scapula
35
Teres Minor - Insertion (Scapular Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Greater tubercle of humerus
36
Teres Minor - Action
Laterally rotates, extends and adducts arm at shoulder point.
37
Pectoralis Major - Origin (Axial Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Clavicle (clavicular head), sternum, and costal cartilages of second to sixth ribs and sometimes first to seventh ribs (sternocostal head)
38
Pectoralis Major - Insertion (Axial Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Greater tubercle and lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of humerus
39
Pectoralis Major - Action
As a whole, adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint; clavicular head flexes arm and sternocostal head extends the flexed arm to side of trunk
40
Rhomboid Major - Origin (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Spines of second to fifth thoracic vertebrae (T2-T5)
41
Rhomboid Major - Insertion (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Vertebral border of scapula inferior to spine
42
Rhomboid Major - Action
Elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilises scapula
43
Rhomboid Minor - Origin (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Spines of seventh cervical (C7) and first thoracic vertebrae (T1)
44
Rhomboid Minor - Insertion (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Vertebral border of scapula superior to spine
45
Rhomboid Minor - Action
Elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilises scapula.
46
Trapezius - Origin (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spines of seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
47
Trapezius - Insertion (Posterior Thoracic Muscles)
Clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula
48
Trapezius - Action
Superior fibres elevate scapula and can help extend head; middle fibres adduct scapula; inferior fibres depress scapula; superior and inferior fibres together rotate scapula upward; stabilises scapula.
49
Sternocleidomastoid - Origin (Muscles that Move the Head)
Sterum and clavicle
50
Sternocleidomastoid - Insertion (Muscles that Move the Head)
Mastoid process of temporal bone
51
Sternocleidomastoid - Action
Acting together (bilaterally), flex cervical portion of vertebral column, flex head and elevate sternum during forced inhalation; acting singly (unilaterally), laterally extend and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle
52
Rectus Abdominis - Origin (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
53
Rectus Abdominis - Insertion (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Cartilage of fifth to seventh ribs and xiphoid process
54
Rectus Abdominis - Action
Flexes vertebral column, especially lumbar portion and compresses abdomen to aid in defecation, urination, forced exhalation and childbirth.
55
Latissimus Dorsi - Origin (Axial Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Spines of inferior six thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, crests of sacrum and ilium, inferior four ribs
56
Latissimus Dorsi - Insertion (Axial Muscles that Move the Humerus)
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
57
Latissimus Dorsi - Action
Extends, adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint; draws are inferiorly and posteriorly.
58
Serratus Anterior - Origin (Anterior Thoracic Muscles)
Superior eight or nine ribs
59
Serratus Anterior - Insertion (Anterior Thoracic Muscles)
Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula
60
Serratus Anterior - Action
Abducts scapula and rotates it upward; elevates ribs when scapula is stabilised, known as "boxer's muscle" because it is important in horizontal arm movements such as punching and pushing.
61
External Abdominal Obliques - Origin (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Inferior eight ribs
62
External Abdominal Obliques - Insertion (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Iliac crest and linea alba
63
External Abdominal Obliques - Action
Acting together (bilaterally), compress abdomen and flex vertebral column; acting singly (unilaterally), laterally flex vertebral column, especially lumbar portion and rotate vertebral column.
64
Internal Abdominal Obliques - Origin (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Iliac crest, inguinal ligament and thoracolumbar fascia
65
Internal Abdominal Obliques - Insertion (Muscles that Act on the Abdominal Wall)
Cartilage of last three or four ribs and linea alba
66
Internal Abdominal Obliques - Action
Acting together, compress abdomen and flex vertebral column; acting singly, laterally flex vertebral column, especially lumbar portion, and rotate vertebral column.
67
Gluteus medius - Origin (Muscles that Move the Femur)
Ilium
68
Gluteus medius - Insertion (Muscles that Move the Femur)
Greater trochanter of femur
69
Gluteus medius - Action
Abducts the thigh at hip joint and medially rotates thigh
70
Rectus femoris - Origin | One of the Quadriceps femoris: (Anterior compartment of thigh)
Anterior inferior iliac spine
71
Rectus femoris - Insertion | One of the Quadriceps femoris: (Anterior compartment of thigh)
Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patella ligament
72
Rectus femoris - Action | One of the Quadriceps femoris
All four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint.
73
Adductor Magnus - Origin (Medial compartment of thigh)
Inferior ramus of pubis and ischium to ischial tuberosity
74
Adductor Magnus - Insertion (Medial compartment of thigh)
Linea aspera of femur
75
Adductor Magnus - Action
Adduct thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates thigh; anterior part flexes thigh at hip joint, and posterior part extends thigh at hip joint
76
Sartorius - Origin (Anterior compartment of thigh)
Anterior superior iliac spine.
77
Sartorius - Insertion (Anterior compartment of thigh)
Medial surface of body of tibia
78
Sartorius - Action
Flexes leg at knee joint; flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint.
79
Biceps femoris - Origin (Posterior compartment of the thigh)
Long head arises from ischial tuberosity; short head arises from linea aspera of femur.
80
Biceps femoris - Insertion (Posterior compartment of the thigh)
Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
81
Biceps femoris - Action
Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint.
82
Semitendinosus - Origin (Posterior compartment of the thigh)
Ischial tuberosity
83
Semitendinosus - Insertion (Posterior compartment of the thigh)
Proximal part of medial surface of medial surface of shaft of tibia.
84
Semitendinosus - Action
Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint.
85
Tibialis Anterior - Origin (Anterior compartment of the leg)
Lateral condyle and body of tibia and interosseous membrane (sheet of fibrous tissue that holds shafts of tibia and fibula together)
86
Tibialis Anterior - Insertion (Anterior compartment of the leg)
First metatarsal and first (medial) cuneiform.
87
Tibialis Anterior - Action
Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and inverts foot at intertarsal joints.
88
Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus - Origin (Lateral compartment of the leg)
Head and body of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
89
Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus - Insertion (Lateral compartment of the leg)
First metatarsal and first cuneiform
90
Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus - Action
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and everts foot at intertarsal joints.
91
Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis - Origin (Lateral compartment of the leg)
Body of fibula
92
Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis - Insertion (Lateral compartment of the leg)
Base of fifth metatarsal
93
Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis - Action
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and everts foot at intertarsal joints.
94
Gastrocnemius - Origin (Posterior compartment of the leg)
Lateral and medial condyles of femur and capsule of knee
95
Gastrocnemius - Insertion (Posterior compartment of the leg)
Calcaneus by way of calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
96
Gastrocnemius - Action
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and flexes leg at knee joint.

Muscles (1 decks)

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