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Lower > Origins, Insertions, Actions > Flashcards

Origins, Insertions, Actions Flashcards

1
Q

Erector Spinae group includes what? and what is their common actions?

A

Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis.

Common action unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column. Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column

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2
Q

SPINalis thoracis

A

O: spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
I: spinous processes of upper thoracic
A: common erector spinae G action (uni:laterally flex, bilat: extend vert column)

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3
Q

longissimus thoracis

A

O: common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae
I: lower nine ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae.
A: common erector spinae G action (uni: laterally flex, bilat: extend vert column

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4
Q

iliocostalis lumborum

A

O: CT thoracolumbar aponeurosis that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes of lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae
I: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12
A: Common action of Erec Spin G: uni-lat flex vert, bilat-extend vert

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5
Q

iliocostalis thoracis

A

O: posterior surface of ribs 1-12
I: posterior surface of ribs 1-6
A: common action of erec spinae g

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6
Q

Transversospinalis group includes:

A

multifidi, rotatores (both have same action: uni- rotate vert column to OPPOSITE side, bilat- extend vert col), and semispinalis capitis (SC not listed)

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7
Q

multifidi

A

O: sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae
A: common m & r action= uni- rotate vert col to opposite side, bilat- extend the vert column

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8
Q

rotatores

A

O: transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vert
A: uni: rotate vert column to opposite side, bilat-extend vert columm

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9
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

know its deepest muscle of abdomen (not back)
O: posterior iliac crest
I: last rib and transverse process of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae
A: Unilat= -laterally tilt the pelvis
-laterally flex vert column to same side
-assist to extend the vert column
Bilat= fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhal

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10
Q

abdominals group includes

A

rectus abdominis, ext/int oblique, transverse abd

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11
Q

rectus abdominis

A

O: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
I:cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphiod process
A: flex the vertebral column, tilt pelvis posteriorly

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12
Q

external oblique

A

O: external surfaces of 5th to 12th ribs
I: anterior part of iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
A: uni= - laterally flex vertebral column to the same side,
- rotate vert column to the OPPOSITE side
Bilat= -flex vert column
-compress abdominal contents

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13
Q

internal oblique

A

O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
I: internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
A: uni= - laterally flex vert column to same side
-rotate the vert column to the SAME side
bilat= -flex the vert col
-compress abdominal contents

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14
Q

transverse abdominis

A

O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower six ribs
I: abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
A: COMPRESS abdominal contents.

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15
Q

diaphragm***

A

O: (3 attach.) inner surface of lower six ribs, upper 2 or 3 lumbar vert, inner part of xiphoid process
I: central tendon
A: - Draw down the central tendon of the diaphragm
- increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation

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16
Q

pelvic floor

A

formed by two levator ani and two coccygeus muscles and surrounding fascia. It supports the abdominal and pelvic viscera, such as sigmoid colon and rectum

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17
Q

latissumus dorsi

A

O: inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last 3 or 4 ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and poserior iliac crest
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
A: Extend, adduct, and medially rotate the shoulder

18
Q

Hamstring group includes

A

biceps femoris (short and long head), semitendinosus, semimembranosus (all 3 except short h have common O at ischial tuberosity)

19
Q

bicep femoris

A

O: LH- ischial tuberosity. SH- lateral lip of linea aspera
I: head of the fibula
A: flex the knee, laterally rotate flexed knee, LH- extend the hip, LH- assist to laterally rotate the hip, tilt pelvis posteriorly

20
Q

semitendinosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia, at pes anserinus tendon
A: flex the knee, medially rotate flexed knee, extend the hip, assist to medially rotate the hip, tilt the pelvis posteriorly (SAME ACTION AS SEMIMEMB.)

21
Q

semimembranosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
A: flex the knee, medially rotate the flexed knee, extend the hip, assist to medially rotate the hip, tilt the pelvis posteriorly (SAME ACTION AS SEMITEND.)

22
Q

gluteus maximus

A

O: Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
I: iliotibial tract (upper fibers), and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
A: all fibers- extend, laterally rotate, and abduct the hip
lower fibers- adduct the hip

23
Q

gluteus medius

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
I: lateral aspect of greater trochanter
A: all fibers- abduct the hip
anterior fibers- flex the hip, medially rotate the hip
posterior fibers- extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip

24
Q

gluteus minimus

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: anterior aspect of greater trochanter
A: abduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the hip

25
Q

adductor group includes what and common actions

A

adductor brevis/longus/magnus, gracilis, pectineus. ALL adduct the hip and medially rotate the hip. ALL except gracilis assist to flex the hip

26
Q

adductor brevis

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

27
Q

adductor longus

A

O: pubic tubercle
I: medial lip of linea aspera

28
Q

adductor magnus

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity.
I: medial lip of linea aspera, adductor tubercle

29
Q

Pectineus

A

O: superior famous of pubis
I: pectineal line of femus
A: adduction of hip

30
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS
I: prox. Medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
A: flex hip, laterally rotate hip, abduct hip, flex knee, medially rotate flexed knee

31
Q

Gracilis

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis
I:proximal, medial shaft of tibia @ pes anserinus tendon
A: adduction

32
Q

Hip flexion ROM

A

100-120

33
Q

Hip extension

A

0-15

34
Q

Hip abduction

A

30-45

35
Q

Hip internal rotation

A

30-45

36
Q

Hip external rotation

A

40-60

37
Q

Spine flexion

A

40-60

38
Q

Extension of spine

A

20-35

39
Q

Spine rotation

A

3-18

40
Q

Lat flexion

A

15-20

Lower (5 decks)

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